Course of War  12 Jul Start of conflict  13 Jul Air & sea blockade  14 Jul Nasrallah’s offices bombed  26 Jul UN observer post attacked 11 Aug UN resolution 1701 14 Aug Start of Cease-fire 7 Sep Blockades lifted 1 Oct Complete withdrawal Now Deployment of local army Deployment of UNIFIL Lethal skirmishes

Legality Hezbollah’s capture of two Israeli solders Where? Israel: Zar’it Hezbollah: Ayta ash-Shab Violation of IHL Art 13,Part II, III Geneva Convention ICJ: treating POW as hostages = War Crime Israel’s self-defence Possession of right to self-defense Article 51 of UN Charter Undue and excessive force used Article 51 of UN Charter Caroline Case ICJ: War Crime

Use of Cluster Bombs What are cluster bombs? IL on warfare weapons UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) Hague Convention of 1907 Geneva Protocol in 1925 Criticisms Excessive use Indiscriminate attack Israel’s response maps indicate the likely location of unexploded ordnance recommend displaced residents not to return so quickly

Attack civilian targets IL Article 3 Common to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 Article 48, Protocol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) Israel’s response Hezbollah is to be blamed

Advanced warnings People stayed behind: chose to stay too old or too poor to leave forced to stay: destroyed roads fierce onslaught on the escape routes