FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 1 FAA/JAA/TCCA Collaborative Research Update Luc Angerand, JAA Eugene Hill, FAA Maher Khouzam, TCCA

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 2 Objectives Provide status of cooperative research activities Coordinating Committee Fire and Cabin Safety Aircraft Icing Human Factors Identify next steps Gain and maintain management support Solicit feedback

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 3 Research Coordination Purpose: Promote international collaboration on safety research: to reduce costs to the individual authorities to ensure harmonization of research results Program Structure: Promotes communication through targeted technical committees, which report to a coordination committee that keeps FAA/JAA/TCCA management informed progress and status yearly.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 4 Coordinating Committee Activities Held Annual Meeting in January ‘02 –Status of Technical Teams –Need for 2 additional technical teams Aircraft Advanced Structural Materials Aircraft Interior Environmental Quality –Need to define safety and cost implication of security concerns –Implemented Research Coordination Website

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 5 Coordinating Committee Plans Next annual meeting Jan ‘03 –Get up date on Tech Teams activities –Review status on Security initiatives –Evaluate additional needs

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 6 Cabin Safety Research Technical Group (CSRTG)

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 7 CSRTG – Mission Objective: Enhance uniformity, cost-effectiveness & timeliness of cabin/fire safety research through: –Systematic joint identification, prioritization, definition & coordination of research programs/projects –Conduct of cooperative/joint/complementary programs Focus: ‘Acute’ events which can be addressed by changes within / closely associated with the cabin (chronic matters not addressed) Areas Addressed: –Post-Crash Safety (crash protection, fire/egress, water / environmental survival) –In-flight Safety (fire, decompression, turbulence, medical emergencies) … Issue: what threat(s) must we “protect against”?

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 8 Materials Fire Safety Systems Fire Safety Evacuation Crash Dynamics Operational Issues CSRTG – Main Areas of Interest

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 9 Research: –Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Flammability –Fuselage Burnthrough Resistance –On-Board Inert Gas / Oxygen Generation Systems (OBIGGS/OBOGS) –Full-Scale Evacuation Experiments –Evacuation Modeling Supporting: –Accident Databases –Prioritization –Benefit Analysis CSRTG – Selected R&D Topics

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 10 CSRTG – Membership  ENACGiorgio Sacco      Research Tech CenterDick Hill FAA AARDH F-DGAC UK-CAA CAMI FAA-NWM SpecificsRegulatoryContact  Jeff Gardlin Graham Greene Ray Cherry JAA  Hiroaki Tomita JCAB  Julie Martin CASA  Claude Lewis TCCA Stephane Deharvengt Gregory Caudy Mac McLean Member Authorities

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 11 Invited Authorities –IAC –IAC (Russia) – Accepted –CTA (Brazil) –CAAC (Peoples’ Republic of China) – Accepted CSRTG – Membership (cont’d)

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 12 Recent/On-Going – Main Issues (c) Access to Type III Exits - ARAC ‘Fastrack’ (in support of Cabin Safety Harmonization Working Group) OBIGGS/OBOGS Fuel Tank Inerting - ARAC Flammability of Hidden Materials (SW-111) Detection/Suppression - Isolated Areas (SW-111) Evacuation Trials Evacuation Simulation CSRTG – Harmonization Research

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 13 Recent Accomplishments – Main Items Thermal/Acoustic Insulation –Follow-on, Burnthrough Resistance AC (FAATC/CAA/TCCA) –Test Refinement / Round Robin Testing (FAA/CAA/DGAC) Hidden Fire Benefit Analysis (RGW Cherry/CAA/FAA) International Coordination with Industry through: –Int’l A/C Materials Fire Test WG –Int’l A/C Fire Protection WG CSRTG – Harmonization Research

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 14 Future (Continuation/Expansion) – Main Areas Fuselage Burnthrough Resistance Flammability of Hidden Materials Fire in Isolated Areas – Detection & Suppression Evacuation Experiments – Large Airplanes (Cranfield Double-Deck Evacuation Simulator) Evacuation Modeling (Expansion/Verification) Expansion of Accident Database Accident Database (Expansion) CSRTG – Harmonization Research (cont’d)

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 15 Recent 3 rd Triennial International Cabin/Fire Safety Research Conference –October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA Coordination Meetings (3-4 / Year) –June 2001, London, UK (CAA) –October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA (FAA) –March 2002, Brisbane, Australia (CASA) Evacuation Modeling Meeting –October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA CSRTG – Activities

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 16 CSRTG – Activities (cont’d) Planned/Future Next Coordination Meeting –Fall 2002, Seattle, WA, US (FAA) 4 th Triennial International Cabin/Fire Safety Research Conference –Fall 2004, Europe (tentative venue: Portugal)

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 17 CSRTG – Benefits of Approach Regulations/standards that are: –Better Harmonized –Achievable/practical Cost-effective research – Maximum benefit from funding Funding incentive/leverage Knowledge sharing – Support for safety regulatory action, and certification Consolidation of cabin/fire safety and occupant survivability research projects Expansion of cooperation to other areas

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 18 Icing Research Technical Team

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 19 Icing Research Technical Team Research –Barry Myers, TC, –Paul Spooner, JAA-UK CAA –Jean-François Détienne, JAA-DGAC –James Riley, Edward Pugacz FAA, Team Secretary Operations –Ron Tidey, TCCA – Dan Meier, FAA –J.C. Albert, JAA-DGAC-F* Airworthiness –David Johns, TCCA – Gene Hill, FAA, Team Lead –Eric Duvivier, JAA-DGAC-F * additional members expected to join

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 20 JAA/FAA/TC Collaborative Icing Research Collaborative icing research is guided by regulatory needs, special studies, e.g., CAST, JSSI, benefit assessment, or accident report Recommendations. Categories of collaborative icing research focus include: –Aircraft de/anti-Icing. –Inflight icing. –Meteorology. –Training/information dissemination.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 21 Selected Research Topics - Icing

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 22 Airplane De/Anti-icing - Transport Canada Ground de/anti-icing research roadmap developed. Full-scale de/anti-icing fluid flow-off tests initiated: –Base-line clean wing performance testing completed. –Some takeoffs with fluids –Testing scheduled for next winter season. Theoretical fluid flow-off model in- development. Approval of ice detector for airplane de/anti-icing in-progress. Evaluation of natural and artificial frost for anti-icing fluids standards in-work. De/anti-icing terminology published. SAE inflight and ground ice detector specifications approved. Type I deicing fluid HOT testing protocol changed.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 23 Inflight Icing Simulation FAA –SAE ARP’s for icing tankers, icing wind tunnels, and droplet impingement/ice accretion codes developed. –New USAF Icing Tanker operational –NASA/IPHWG SLD Technology Roadmap Defined. –NASA IRT SLD calibration completed. –SLD impingement test completed by WSU. –FAA/NASA SLD test in ACT (Luton) icing wind tunnel completed. JAA (CAA-UK) –Large droplet splash investigation let to Cranfield University

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 24 Meteorology FAA –FAA/NCAR Integrated Icing Diagnosis Algorithm adopted by the National Weather Service. –FAA/NCAR Integrated Icing Forecast Algorithm available on ADDS web-site. –Ground Radar Icing Detection System contract let to NOAA. –Database to define SLD environment provided to the IPHWG. Canada/US Icing Research Alliance, FAA and others AIRS I icing sensor field study completed. TCCA Terminal Area Icing Forecasting and Detection –New in-situ snow rate gauge. –Snow rate (moisture content) study. JAA/DGAC-F Inflight Icing Conditions Forecast Program initiated (completion 2004) –Improved forecasts –Teledetection –Cloud microphysics –Identification method validation (DGAC-F and Meteo-France, in collaboration with Canadian Meteorological Services).

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 25 Training/Information Dissemination JAA (DGAC-F) –Flightcrew Icing Training Handbook available. –Icing simulations introduced in pilot type rating programs. –Inclusion of inflight icing curriculum in pilot recurrent training recommended. –Icing information dissemination assured between meteorologists, flightcrews, and air traffic control. –Harmonization on the use of “icing severity” by the global aviation community addressed (not yet coordinated within JAA, but with the FAA). FAA –Pilot Guide: Inflight Icing Advisory Circular release pending legal review. –NASA/FAA General Aviation computer-based inflight icing training module released. –Resolution of inconsistent operational inflight-icing regulatory and guidance terminology in-work, including “severe ice.”

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 26 Future Collaborative Icing Research JAA (DGAC-F) –De/anti-icing ice detector validation and approval procedures. –Critical ice shape wind tunnel testing and ice shape roughness criteria (2004). –Rotorcraft blade ice shedding: Simulation methods. Ice protection system optimization. Use of ice-phobic materials. Development of means-of- compliance information Research contract tendered during –Aerodynamic performance monitors development, evaluation, and approval procedures. JAA (CAA-UK:) –SLD splashing physics. Europe/Canada/United States –Improved icing conditions diagnosis and forecast. SAE AS5485 revisions –Revised Type I fluid testing protocol. –Artificial vs. natural snow use for holdover time (HOT). SAE HOT chart format revisions –Type I fluid data expansion. –Consolidation of Type I and IV fluid data. –Surface finish effects on HOT.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 27 Future Collaborative Icing Research (cont..) Transport Canada –Flight testing of de/anti-icing fluid flow-off aerodynamic effects. –Type I deicing fluid in-service study. –Effects of new deicing systems on anti-icing fluid holdover time. –Approved ice detector use during airplane de/anti-icing. Canada/US Icing Research Alliance, FAA, and others –AIRS II icing sensor field study (2003/2004). SAE G-12 Committee –re-evaluation of anti-icing fluid flow- off aerodynamic acceptance requirements. JAA/FAA 2003 Environmental Icing Workshop FAA –SLD simulation, impingement physics, and liquid water content measurement. –McKinley Climatic Laboratory (Eglin AFB) icing simulation facility development support. –Refinement of artificial snow methods for anti-icing fluids standards. –Mixed-phase icing physics and finite-wing ice accretion aerodynamic effects wind tunnel tests. –Ground-based radar icing detection system (GRIDS) development. –Down-linking of in-service icing conditions encounters.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 28 Human Factors Technical Team

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 29 Human Factors Technical Team Research –Tom McCloy, FAA –Sue Baker, JAA-UK CAA –Isabelle Marcil, TC-TDC –Stéphane Deharvengt, JAA-DGAC-F Regulatory –Stéphane Deharvengt, JAA-DGAC-F –Loran Haworth, FAA –Don Stephen TBD, TCCA

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 30 Accomplishments to Date — Human Factors — Met Oct. 19,2001 in Boston in conjunction with the FAA/JAA HF Harmonization WG and discussed progress and future activities on the joint Electronic Flight Bag and Certification of New Flight Deck Interfaces project. Transport Canada presented their fatigue research program at the Jan. 23,2002 HF Technical Team meeting in Florida.

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 31 Areas of Common Interest — Human Factors — Electronic Flight Bag Certification of New Flight Deck Interfaces Mixed Crews (Merging of Operators, Culture and Language) Fatigue (pilots, mechanics, ATC) Advanced ATM Systems--Airborne Aspects HUD Symbology Non-technical Skills Evaluation, e.g., CRM Primary Flight Displays – potential new area of joint concern

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 32 Selected Research Topics - Human Factors - The results of the application of the methodology will be presented to the FAA/JAA HF Harmonization Working Group

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 33 Future Activities - Human Factors - Continue to coordinate JAA New Flight Deck Interface and FAA EFB research projects Address additional cooperative efforts, especially Mixed Crews (culture and language),Primary Flight Displays, and Maintenance Fatigue and Performance Meet to discuss, in depth, each others research programs and develop more effective ways to share information Note - Main emphasis on 2 nd and 3 rd bullets as JAA New Flight Deck Interface project is on hold

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 34 Comments Please –Need for 2 additional technical teams Aircraft Advanced Structural Materials Aircraft Interior Environmental Quality –Need to define safety and cost implication of security concerns –Open to Floor for Other Concerns