1 MaFoMP Drumlin Project: Faculty Advisors: John Rogan & Deborah Woodcock Background ASTER Drumlins: Glacial Landforms (small tear shaped hills made up of glacial till) A major part of Massachusetts’ landscape and historical identity Currently in danger of removal/ flattening for development projects Potential Effects: Loss of habitat and biodiversity? Environmental issues when excavated (siltation, slope collapse) Permanent landscape, aesthetic change

2 ASTER Research Goals: Survey drumlin fields and document change Generate and create a database of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) which coincide temporally with the MaFoMP landcover map products Present results to land management and conservation communities Pilot Study: Survey drumlins and document change within the towns of Stow, Hudson & Marlborough, MA Assess accuracy and perform geomorphometric change analysis on DEMs Drumlin Project: Research Goals

3 DEM Time 1 Time 1 Methodology: Utilize ASTER DEMs Resolution: 15m Coverage: 3600 Sq Km Available data: Use DEMs and Drumlin Database to survey and plot drumlin locations Use two DEMs from 2002 & 2006 to conduct geomorphometric analysis Find locations and quantify change through image differencing Conduct accuracy assessment Geomorphometric Analysis: Image Differencing Drumlin Project: Methods DEM Time 2 DEM Time 1

4 Time 1 ASTER DEM Accuracy Assessment: 16m average accuracy reported Depends on landscape: (Aniello; Buyuksalin et al) Flat:10 – 15m Mountainous: 29 – 60m (Kamp et al 2003) Open areas:12 – 25m Forested areas:31m (Kamp et al 2003; Poli et al) Accuracy comparable to USGS 1 arc second DEM (Aniello) ASTER DEM has less gaps, better coverage, more detail than other sensors (Buyuksalin et al) Gaps in areas with clouds and flat water Drumlin Project: Overview of Literature

5 DEM Time 1 Time 1 ASTER DEM Accuracy Assessment Methods: Compare Landsat & ASTER images (Kaab et al 2002) Compare landcover maps with DEM to assess accuracy in regards to location of trees (Poli et al) Compare topographic maps with DEM (Goncalves et al; Hirano et al 2003; San et al 2005) Any correlation? Produce image difference maps Produce profiles GCP points critical to accuracy (Goncalves et al; San et al 2005) As number of GCPs increases, accuracy increases: 60 GCPs good amount Manual Tie Points (TP) with GCPs increases accuracy Ground Check Points: (Cuartero et al) 315 points with differential GPS Compare DEM-Z values with “true” check pts Drumlin Project: Overview of Literature

6 DEM Time 1 Use of ASTER DEMs: Orthophoto generation from IKONOS & creation of geologic maps (Aniello) Solar radiation & glacier geomorphic analysis (Kamp et al 2003) Multi-temporal changes can be monitored with “good accuracy” (Poli et al) ASTER DEMs are restricted in change detection: e.g. high mountains (Kaab et al 2002) Change detection use requires: Surface features with sufficient contrast that exceed the image resolution and are present over time Change must be of high magnitude: ASTER not sufficient to monitor glacier thickness- change is to small Drumlin Project: Overview of Literature

7 DEM Time 1 Time 1 Current Progress: Reviewed literature for DEM change detection: Best data source DEM accuracy assessment & methods DEM use Acquired ASTER DEM data Created drumlin database from D. Woodcock’s surveys Currently drafting drumlin location and change map based off of complied database for D. Woodcock pilot study paper Drumlin Project: Current Progress & Future Work

8 DEM Time 1 Time 1 Drumlin Project: Draft of Pilot Study Map

9 DEM Time 1 Time 1 Current Progress: Reviewed literature for DEM change detection: Best data source DEM accuracy assessment & methods DEM use Acquired ASTER DEM data Created drumlin database from D. Woodcock’s surveys Currently drafting drumlin location and change map based off of complied database for D. Woodcock pilot study paper Future Work: Finalize draft of pilot study map for D. Woodcock Assess DEM change detection accuracy with acquired data Finalize methodology Begin DEM Drumlin analysis Drumlin Project: Current Progress & Future Work

10 DEM Time 1 Time 1 Bibliography: Aniello, Peter. “Using ASTER DEMs to Produce IKONOS Orthophotos” Space Imaging Cuartero, A.; A.M. Felicisimo, and R.J. Ariza. “Accuracy of DEM Generation from Terra-ASTER Stereo Data” Commission VI, WG VI/4 Goncalves J.A., and A.M. Oliveira. “Accuracy Analysis of DEMs Derived from ASTER Imagery” Commission III, WG III/2, Science Faculty University of Porto, Portugal Hirano, Akira; Roy Welch, and Harold Lang. “Mapping from ASTER stereo image data: DEM validation and accuracy” Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing Vol. 57 (2003): Kaab, A.; C. Huggel; F. Paul; R. Wessels; B. Raup; H. Kieffer, and J. Kargel. “Glacier Monitoring from ASTER Imagery: Accuracy and Applications” EARSel eProceedings- Workshop Observing our Cryosphere from Space No. 2 (March ): Kamp, Ulrich; Tobias Bolch, and Jeffrey Olsenholler. “DEM Generation from ASTER Satellite Data for Geomorphometric Analysis of Cerro Sillajhual, Chile/Bolivia” ASPRS 2003 Annual Conference Proceedings: Anchorage, AK (May 2003) Poli, D.; F. Remondino, and C. Dolei. “Use of Satellite Imagery for DEM Extraction, Landscape Modeling and GIS Applications” Institute of Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Zurich Switzerland San, B.T., and M.L. Suzen. “Digital elevation model (DEM) generation and accuracy assessment from ASTER stereo data” International Journal of Remote Sensing Vol. 26, No. 22, 20 (November 2005) Drumlin Project: Bibliography Sam Blanchard Fall 2007