Effect of gender, age, height and weight in healthy individuals on exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) values: a systematic review Class nr. 1: Afonso Castro; Ana Sá; Cátia Reis; Daniel Melo; Daniela Duarte; Joana Lyra; José Silvano; José Penêda; Margarita Yakubovich; Marta Costa; Pedro Pires; Rita Filipe; Rui Magalhães; Tiago Branco. Tiago António Queirós Jacinto - INTRODUCTION TO MEDICINE 2008/2009

ASTHMA

Invasive! Repeated Sampling

F E NO – fractional exhaled nitric oxide

GENDER

AGE

HEIGHT

WEIGHT

Are the exhaled nitric oxide (F E NO) values of healthy people affected by age, gender, height and weight?

Systematic review September 2008 – July 2009

Research Method 1. Define queryquery 2. Search different databasesdatabases 3. Read abstracts 4. Apply inclusion and exclusion criteriainclusion and exclusion criteria 5. Get full papers 6. Analyze the papers - apply inclusion and exclusion criteria 7. Select the relevant studies 8. Extract dataExtract data 9. Discuss the selected data 10. Take conclusions 11. Formulate results 12. Communicate our results by writing (and hopefully publishing!) an article on our systematic review!

Query: ((age OR age factors) OR (weight OR body weight) OR (height OR body height) OR (gender OR sex)) AND (exhaled nitric oxide OR F E NO) AND (healthy individuals OR (reference values OR normal values OR normative values) OR effect) The following terms were used as MeSH terms for search on PubMed: age factors, body weight, body height and exhaled nitric oxide

Inclusion CriteriaExclusion Criteria Population: healthy individualsFull-text not available Assessment of FENO values of individuals of different age, gender, height and weight Duplicated articles (same articles from different databases) Measuring equipment of FENO values: Niox®, Sievers®, Logan® (...) Articles written in English, French, Spanish or German FENO measurement done by the standardized online method (50 mL/s)

Author Publication Year nMethod Measurement Equipment Factors Sepponen A schoolchildren (7-13 years old) four flow rates (10, 50, 100, and 200 ml/sec) Not Mentioned (alveolar NO concentration, bronchial NO flux, bronchial wall NO concentration, and bronchial diffusing capacity of NO) Sutherland TJ women (obese patients with asthma (n = 20), normal- weight patients with asthma (n = 19), obese patients without asthma (n = 20), and normal- weight patients without asthma (n = 20)) Corticosteroid withdrawal, between-group differences in spirometric values, lung volumes, exhaled nitric oxide, induced sputum cell counts, biomarkers of inflammation in sputum supernatant and blood measurement and interactions exploration Not MentionedWeight, Asthma Hauswirth DW healthy African American subjects without asthma between 18 and 40 years old Simultaneous measurement of EBC pH, EBC nitrite, nitrate, and FeNO (measured in triplicate and averaged) Sievers 280i Nitric Oxide AnalyzerRace Gabriele C Infants (median age 6.9 weeks) Questionnaires prospectively administered during pregnancy and after birth Not Mentioned Pre- and post-natal smoke exposure Cobos Barroso N2008 Cooperating children and children unable to cooperate Single-breath online measurements Chemiluminescence FENO analyzerNot Mentioned

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