Critical Health Care System Shankar Somasundaram,Aditya Sane,Neelesh Mundra,Kunal Mundra CSIDC VESIT,Mumbai,India

Need for System and Parameters Measured Health care for the masses in a densely populated country like India Critical health care parameters :- Respiration Rate Oxygen Saturation ECG

Block Diagram of the System

Block Diagram components Breathing rate, Oxygen Saturation and ECG are sensors used Micro-controller used to multiplex and send signals to Level shifter Level shifter converts TTL to RS323 values Demultiplexed at receiver side. Compared with values in database to check condition of signal and transmitted over the internet

ECG Contraction of atria is associated with ECG called P Q,R,S and T associated with ventricles Abnormalities in ECG relates to difference in these 5 waves Next slide shows abnormalities in ECG

ECG ( continued) Wavelet transform would be used to analyse the ECG signal since it can resolve both time and frequency components of the signal Wavelet transform require fewer terms to represent a signal and does not require time synchronization like FFT does. For the project the ECG sensor was not built and ECG waveforms were painfully got from hospitals and analysed

ECG signal [ bottom] and the Wavelet transform [top]

Oxygen Saturation

Oxygen Saturation[Continued] Pass red light through a earlobe Bright red oxygenated blood will absorb most of the red light,deoxygenated blood won ’ t Visible red light LED[640nm used] To compensate for ear thickness,light source working at infrared used

Oxygen Saturation[Continued] ADC was a 2-channel 8 bit device compatible with 89C52 micorcontroller Micro-controller reads data at 1ms duration and measures differential attenuation of the 2 signals to cancel external signals Lots of design considerations were made to select each of the IC ’ s for the hardware[ not mentioned here]

Limitations of oxygen Saturation Carbon Monoxide poisoning will cause the blood to change to bright red colour which the system won ’ t detect. Strong drugs affecting blood colour will interfere with the system

Respiration Rate

Respiration Rate [continued] Breathing rate monitored by thermistor Instrumentation amplifier used since low noise amplification was required of the signal Schmitt trigger converts signal to square wave Micro-controller counts number of breaths

Respiration Rate [continued] Lots of design considerations were made when the IC ’ s for thermistor and Instrumentation amplifier was chosen

Multiplexer Oximeter samples data every 2 ms and transfers data to port 0 of 89C52 Every 1 s,data from breathing rate comes to port 1 89C52 switches between port 0 and 1 at these instants and transfers data to pin Rx

Applications Sudden Infant Death syndrome :- Infant suddenly stops breathing Geriatrics :- Can be used to monitor health of old patients from home In Sports where efforts have been on, to have the runners run on the tracks and measure their ECG to monitor their health.Extra parameters can be measured with this application

Cost to build the application [without the ECG sensor]

Future of health care The critical health care link system might be in the direction of the future of health care