©2009 Gotham Digital Science, LLC Software Assurance with SAMM 21 Sept 2009, SOURCE Barcelona Matt Bartoldus

2 2 Introduction o Me o Who Are You? –Assessment (Penetration Tester; Security Auditors) –QA Tester –Architect –Developer –Management –Business Owner –Consultant (two or more above) –Other

3 3 Agenda o Overview of Software Security Issues It is all so very young! o Introducing SAMM o Uses of SAMM o SAMM Core Functions / Activities o Use Case – SAMM to Measure o Use Case – SAMM to Implement o Future of SAMM

4 4 Overview of Software Security Issues

5 5 Software Security Issues o Relatively Same Drivers Across Industries –Compliance PCI-DSS, SOX, DPA, etc –Protection Brand/reputation; from criminals (cyber-crime) –Governance Function of good corporate governance

6 6 Software Security Issues »What does ‘it’ look like? »How can we understand and manage ‘this’? »Do we have enough resources / skills to do ‘this’? »How does ‘this’ fit in with the Security function, shouldn’t they do ‘it’? »We are used to security projects that implement tools or systems but now we need to change our processes? »Isn’t there an established method or model for all ‘this’?

7 7 Young Discipline in a Young Industry o BS7799 came out mid-90s o Shifting Focus within Industry –PBX to Infrastructure to Database/Application o PCI-DSS –CISP – 2001 – mention of change control as a best practice item –PCI-DSS v1.2 – late 2008 – Requirement 6

8 8 So what is ‘this’ discipline called? »Software Assurance »SSA - Software Security Assurance »SDL – Security Development Lifecycle »SDLC – to confuse everyone »sSDLC – secure Software Development Lifecycle »SPLC – Secure Project Lifecycle »CLASP - Comprehensive, Lightweight Application Security Process »7 Touchpoints »SSF – System Security Framework

9 9 Other approaches to Security in the SDLC

10 Motivation for a maturity model approach o Changing an organisation is hard Simple, well-defined, measurable preferred over complex, nuanced, ethereal o Software security is a result of many activities –Combination of people, process, and automation o There is no single formula for all organisations –Business risk from software depends on the nature of the business o An assurance program must be built over time –Organisations can’t change overnight. Use a phased approach.

11 The Software Assurance Maturity Model (SAMM)

12 The Software Assurance Maturity Model o Collaboratively written by experts within this field with review and feedback. o Funded by Fortify Software o Beta released in Aug 2008 o Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License (ie: open)

13 Goals and Purpose o To define building blocks for an assurance program –Delineate all functions within an organisation that could be improved over time o To allow organisations to create customized roadmaps –Each organisation can choose the order and extent they improve each function o To provide sample roadmaps for common types of organisations –Each roadmap is a baseline that can be tweaked based on the specific concerns of a given organisation

14 Uses for SAMM o Guidance o What needs to be done; general idea of skills and resource needs o Measurement – Assurance program scorecard o Scores /metrics against activities against defined objectives o Gaps against best practice o Demonstrate quantifiable improvement o Context / Framework for Business o Communicate outside of security office o Substantiate business requirement / risks o Set out a common understanding (get everyone on the same page) o Build Implementation Roadmap o Use Guidance o Measure o Put into business context (for funding and management support)

15 What SAMM in NOT o Prescriptive ‘howto’ document o ‘One size fits all’ methodology o Audit checklist for secure development

16 SAMM Core Functions?

17 Business Functions and Security Practices o Almost any organisation involved with software development must fulfill each of the Business Functions to some degree. o Security Practices that are the independent silos for improvement that map underneath the Business Functions of software development. 17

18 Security Practice Objectives Activities For example, Education & Guidance:

19 Policy and Compliance - PC o Understand standards and compliance drivers of the organisation in order to meet their needs. o Set out compliance gates

20 Security Requirements - SR o In order to plan for information security to be built in to software, it has to be detailed as requirements so they can be developed and tested in the same way as functional requirements o Security requirements need to be tailored based on several risk factors such as the type of software being developed, data that will be processed or who will have access.

21 Threat Assessment - TA o Threat Assessment is an activity performed in order to focus on what the threats are to an application and likely attacks it may face once developed and deployed. o Information security requirements are then matched up against the identified threats in order to determine whether such security requirements have addressed all identified threats appropriately.

22 Design Review - DR o The review of software designs and architecture models for potential security related deficiencies. o The security requirements developed for the project as well as either the organisation’s security architecture or best practices are used as the basis for the review.

23 Code Review – CR o Source code analysis for information security related issues within code. o Use checklists and sampling o Automated tools for deeper inspection

24 Security Testing – ST o This activity is the one that is most recognisable in the industry as it has been performed for many years. o Includes traditional penetration testing such as black-box and white box testing. o SAMM also suggests performing more tailored testing based on test cases derived from the security requirements

25 Using SAMM to Measure

26 BSIMM o Research conducted by Cigital and Fortify Software o Based on activities undertaken by Adobe, EMC, Google, Microsoft, QUALCOMM, Wells Fargo, and the DTCC (and two unnamed organisations) o Released March 2009 o Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License (ie: open) o o EU based study in progress

27 Measuring for Implementation – EU Financial Organisation o Discussed software development and related security processes within the organisation o Measured against SAMM activities o Used CMMI type scores for each activity (think COBIT controls measurement)

28 Using SAMM to Implement

29 Implementing SAMM – Large EU Organisation o Used measurement results to perform planning o Determined goals based on measurement results and chose initial activities needed to implement o Put all into context to talk with management for support o Enabled us to see dependencies on other areas of the business

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31 About Gotham Digital Science o Gotham Digital Science (GDS) is an international security services company specializing in Application and Network Infrastructure security, and Information Security Risk Management. GDS clients number among the largest financial services institutions and software development companies in the world. o Offices in London and New York City