Journal club 06/27/08. Non-coding functional regions Cis-regulation of pre-mRNA splicing Post-splicing (mature mRNA) – degradation, localization Translational.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Control of Gene Expression
Advertisements

Ribosome footprinting
AP Biology From Gene to Protein How Genes Work.
Central Dogma Big Idea 3: Living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to info essential to life processes.
Chapter 4 Transcription and Translation. The Central Dogma.
1 Gene Finding Charles Yan. 2 Gene Finding Genomes of many organisms have been sequenced. We need to translate the raw sequences into knowledge. Where.
© 2006 W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. DISCOVER BIOLOGY 3/e
Investigating the Importance of non-coding transcripts.
How Are Genes Expressed? Chapter11. DNA codes for proteins, many of which are enzymes. Proteins (enzymes) can be used to make all the other molecules.
TRANSLATION The process of converting the information stored in mRNA into a protein is called translation mRNA carries information from a gene to a structure.
Journal club 06/27/08. Phylogenetic footprinting A technique used to identify TFBS within a non- coding region of DNA of interest by comparing it to the.
Step 1 of Protein Synthesis
10-2: RNA and 10-3: Protein Synthesis
Transcription: Synthesizing RNA from DNA
Syllabus Transcription as the production of mRNA from DNA. The role of RNA polymerase. The splicing of pre-mRNA to form mRNA in eukaryotic cells.
 ribose  Adenine  Uracil  Adenine  Single.
FROM GENE TO PROTEIN: TRANSCRIPTION & RNA PROCESSING Chapter 17.
Transcription Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from a section of DNA. Transcription of a gene starts from a region of DNA known as the promoter.
Molecular Biology Primer for CS and engineering students Alan Qi Jan. 10, 2008.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko PowerPoint Lectures for Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Seventh Edition Reece, Taylor,
Gene structure in prokaryotes * In prokaryotic cells such as bacteria, genes are usually found grouped together in operons. * The operon is a cluster of.
Gene Expression and Gene Regulation. The Link between Genes and Proteins At the beginning of the 20 th century, Garrod proposed: – Genetic disorders such.
AP Biology From Gene to Protein How Genes Work AP Biology What do genes code for? proteinscellsbodies How does DNA code for cells & bodies?  how are.
From Gene to Protein Chapter 17.
Chapter 10 Transcription RNA processing Translation Jones and Bartlett Publishers © 2005.
1 Gene – Expression – Mutation - polymorphism. 2 How are genes expressed ? Nucleus Cytoplasm DNA Transcription Poly(A ) Cap Pre-mRNA Splicing Cap Poly(A)
Molecular Biology in a Nutshell (via UCSC Genome Browser) Personalized Medicine: Understanding Your Own Genome Fall 2014.
AP Biology Control of Eukaryotic Genes.
Gene expression DNA  RNA  Protein DNA RNA Protein Replication Transcription Translation Degradation Initiation Elongation Processing Export Initiation.
Comparative genomics analysis of NtcA regulons in cyanobacteria: Regulation of nitrogen assimilation and its coupling to photosynthesis Wen-Ting Huang.
Pattern Matching Rhys Price Jones Anne R. Haake. What is pattern matching? Pattern matching is the procedure of scanning a nucleic acid or protein sequence.
Review of Protein Synthesis. Fig TRANSCRIPTION TRANSLATION DNA mRNA Ribosome Polypeptide (a) Bacterial cell Nuclear envelope TRANSCRIPTION RNA PROCESSING.
LECTURE CONNECTIONS 14 | RNA Molecules and RNA Processing © 2009 W. H. Freeman and Company.
Protein Synthesis Chapter Protein synthesis- the production of proteins The amount and kind of proteins produced in a cell determine the structure.
The Lac Operon An operon is a length of DNA, made up of structural genes and control sites. The structural genes code for proteins, such as enzymes.
Transcription Packet #10 Chapter #8.
Transcription … from DNA to RNA.
Fig b6 Template strand RNA primer Okazaki fragment Overall direction of replication.
Genes and How They Work Chapter The Nature of Genes information flows in one direction: DNA (gene)RNAprotein TranscriptionTranslation.
Complexities of Gene Expression Cells have regulated, complex systems –Not all genes are expressed in every cell –Many genes are not expressed all of.
Eukaryotic Gene Expression. The expression of genes found in DNA The expression of genes found in DNA The genes expressed in a particular cell determines.
Transcription Vocabulary of transcription: transcription - synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA messenger RNA (mRNA) - carries genetic message from.
The Genetic Code. The DNA that makes up the human genome can be subdivided into information bytes called genes. Each gene encodes a unique protein that.
Input: Alignment. Model parameters from neutral sequence Estimation example.
GENE REGULATION RESULTS IN DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION, LEADING TO CELL SPECIALIZATION Eukaryotic DNA.
Protein Synthesis- Transcription DNA-->RNA. Expression of Gene or Protein Synthesis I. Transcription A. Initiation B. Elongation C. Termination D. RNA.
Intro to Probabilistic Models PSSMs Computational Genomics, Lecture 6b Partially based on slides by Metsada Pasmanik-Chor.
Starter What do you know about DNA and gene expression?
CFE Higher Biology DNA and the Genome Transcription.
DAY 2. Warm Up What type of RNA copies DNA? – mRNA What is this process called? – Transcription.
Nutrition and Gene Expression Lecture, part 1, Feb 6, 2014 Overview: Gene Activation.
THE CONCEPT OF THE GENOME AS THE COMPLETE SET OF GENES IN A CELL AND OF THE PROTEOME AS THE FULL RANGE OF PROTEINS THAT A CELL IS ABLE TO PRODUCE. THE.
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology DNA  RNA  Protein  Trait.
HOW DO CELLS KNOW WHEN TO EXPRESS A GENE? DO NOW:.
Unit 1: DNA and the Genome Structure and function of RNA.
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
What is gene expression? Gene expression is the activation of a gene that results in a protein.
Click to continue How do a few genes build a diversity of body parts? There’s more in the genetic toolkit than just genes! Click your forward cursor to.
Genetic Code and Interrupted Gene Chapter 4. Genetic Code and Interrupted Gene Aala A. Abulfaraj.
Transcription & Gene Expression
Regulation of Gene Expression by Eukaryotes
Mechanisms of lncRNA function.
Chapter 12: From Genes to Proteins
Gene Regulation.
From Gene to Protein.
Introduction to Bioinformatics II
mRNA Degradation and Translation Control
From gene to protein.
Protein Synthesis.
Presentation transcript:

Journal club 06/27/08

Non-coding functional regions Cis-regulation of pre-mRNA splicing Post-splicing (mature mRNA) – degradation, localization Translational efficiency & accuracy – Choice of synonymous codon Secondary structure elements

CRUNCS Coding regions under non-coding selection Are not located in non-functional sequences as are, ex: most known transcription factors binding sites, but rather in coding regions

Mixture selective pressure Maintain the function of the protein encoded by the gene (AA selecvtive pressure) Maintain their regulatory role (CRUNCS) – ex: regulatory factors binding sites

Methods Sequence conservation: 1.Entropy score 2.Parsimony score Conservation p-value (mixture models) Posterior distributions of conservation scores Conditional p-values

Fitch’s algorithm