The Newborn Chapter 6
Terms to Know Neonate Intensive care nursery (ICN) Neonatal intensive care units (NICU) Brazelton scale Pediatrician
Jaundice Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Reflexes Rooting reflex Well-baby checkup Colic
Medical Care & Testing Premature Babies Placed in intensive care nursery Stay in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs)-heated, enclosed beds Neonatology-refers to the care, development, & diseases of newborns
Brazelton scale Also called the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale Helps spot problems as early as possible
Test in 4 areas Interaction with environment-alertness & cuddliness Motor processes-activity level & reflexes Control of physical state; self-quieting behaviors Response to stress
Pediatricians Doctor of infants & children who runs other tests
oxygen-carrying substances Anemia Low level of oxygen-carrying substances
PKU a disease that can cause mental retardation http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pkupage.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.ess.sunysb.edu/tracy/pku.html&h=474&w=685&sz=6&tbnid=Y_WgMTJBYIwJ:&tbnh=94&tbnw=135&start=11&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpku%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8
Jaundice skin looks yellow-liver is immature
Well-baby checkup scheduled within first few weeks
Size 7 lbs., 20 inches long May lose weight right after birth
Body Proportion Look out of proportion compared to adults Head is very large; ¼ total length Chest is rounded Stomach protrudes Legs very short, drawn up & bowed Almost no neck
Face Broad, flat nose Tiny chin
Cranium Fontanels (soft spots) where skull is not closed; allows brain to grow Closes between 1-2 years Head may appear egg shaped from birth process-disappears within weeks
Skin Thin & dry Blotchy May develop rash which disappears in a week
Eyes Appear HUGE Color often blue-gray; eye color develops around 6 months No tears until 3 months
Reflexes Automatic responses; some needed for survival
Meeting Physical Needs Feeding Nutritional needs are very important, because a newborn is growing so quickly Breast-feeding is the preferred method 12 months is recommended
Advantages Passes mother’s immunities to baby Baby isn’t overfed Saves time & money Reduces allergies, ear infections & possibly SIDS and diabetes
Some mother’s need to or choose to formula-feed Always use commercially-prepared formula; no cow’s milk until 1 year Always hold & cuddle when feeding; NEVER prop the bottle Throw away unfinished formula Baby needs to be burped after feeding
Clothing & Dressing Clothing needs to be comfortable, easy to put on & take off, easy to launder and suitable for the weather and safe It should be flame-retardant & have secure fasteners & trims Infants outgrow their clothing quickly, so they don’t need too much
Diapering Both cloth & disposable have advantages & disadvantages Consider cost & convenience
Bathing Give sponge baths until the navel heels (about 3 weeks) Wash baby’s face first, or “clean to dirty” NEVER leave the baby alone- EVEN FOR A SECOND
Sleeping Baby’s average 17 hours a day Do NOT put pillows or stuffed toys in the crib until at least 1 year old Always place them on their BACK until 1 year old to reduce the risk of SIDS
Exercising It is important for muscle development, coordination & relaxation A good opportunity for “bonding” with baby
Scheduling Feeding on demand is recommended Meeting their needs helps them develop trust You can’t spoil them in their first 6 months
Meeting Intellectual Needs Parents are a child’s first teachers Research shows us that baby’s learn through their SENSES (eyes, ears, mouth, fingers) They learn by imitation or copying others
Helping Babies Learn Watch for their quiet, alert state They will fuss or turn away if over stimulated or bored Cuddle, talk to, sing to, give them things to look at (mobiles), and things to grasp
Meeting Social-Emotional Needs All are individuals & differ in their alertness & fussiness Colic is a condition with intense abdominal pain
Meeting Parent’s Needs Need for rest Need to organize Need to be with other adults