An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands Dr. Margaret Gale, Associate Dean School of Forest Resources & Environmental Sciences and Joan Chadde,

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Presentation transcript:

An Introduction to the Different Types of Wetlands Dr. Margaret Gale, Associate Dean School of Forest Resources & Environmental Sciences and Joan Chadde, Water Resource Specialist Western U.P. Center for Science, Math & Environ. Education

1) Hydrology - water present for some period each year. 2) Wet soils 3) Water-loving vegetation To be considered a wetland, a site must have three characteristics:

Hydrology – inundated for some period each year (possible water sources are listed below) Lake/Stream Inflow Groundwater/Subsurface Flow Surface Runoff Precipitation Only

OrganicMineral – Loamy/Clayey Mineral – Sandy Redox SOIL

Hydrophytic or Water-loving Plants

SHALLOW OPEN WATER Hydrology: Lake-fed Soils: Organic to Mineral Vegetation: Woody to herbaceous

OPEN OR CONIFEROUS BOGS Hydrology: Precipitation-only Soils: Organic—fibric, hemic Vegetation: Woody & herbaceous

Hydrology: Lake, stream, or groundwater-fed Soils: Organic Vegetation: Herbaceous FEN (may be rich or poor in nutrients)

MARSH Hydrology: Lake, stream or groundwater-fed Soils: Mineral Vegetation: Herbaceous plants (emergent and submerged)

SWAMP Hydrology: Stream-fed Soils: Organic—fibric, hemic, sapric Vegetation: Woody, herbaceous, & mosses

RIPARIAN AREAS (next to streams & lakes) Hydrology: Lake, stream and groundwater-fed Soils: Organic to Mineral Vegetation: Woody to herbaceous