The Activities of NASA SST meeting Seattle 9 th Nov 2010 Andrea Kaiser-Weiss GHRSST Project Officer, based at NCEO, University of Reading, UK since August 2010

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov Pre-requisites of data merging and how addressed in GHRSST 2.Related European activities 3.GHRSST in the international landscape 4.Summary 2 Outline

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov Pre-requisites of Data merging  Standardisation of formats (GDS2) – progress of GDS2 implementation (DAS-TAG).  Data merging requires quality flags and error estimates : SSES (ST-VAL) and bias removal Physical approach requires developments of retrieval methods (EarWig).  Data merging requires handling diurnal variability (DVWG).  Special problems in High latitudes (HL-TAG).

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST working and task groups Data Assembl y and Systems DAS-TAG Reanalysis RAN-TAG High Latitude HL-TAG Inter- comparisons IC-TAG Applications and User Services AUS-TAG Lake Surface Water Temp. LSWT-WG Rescue & Reprocessing Historical AVHRR Archives R2HA2-WG Diurnal Variability DV-WG Estimation Methods EARWiG SSES and Validation STVAL

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST Organisation International GHRSST Science Team User Requirements for high resolution Sea Surface Temperature data products and services from operational, scientific, and climate communities. International Stakeholder Advisory Council GPO : GHRSST International Project Office Data Assembly and Systems DAS-TAG Diurnal Variability DV-WG Reanalysis RAN-TAG High Latitude HL-TAG Estimation Methods EARWiG Inter- compari sons IC-TAG Application s and User Services AUS-TAG Lake Surface Water Temp. LSWT-WG CEOS- VC Rescue & Reprocessing Historical AVHRR Archives R2HA2 -WG SSES and Validation STVAL-TAG CEOS SST chairs

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 Donlon et al, 2007 GHRSST R/GTS framework 6

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov Pre-requisites of data merging and how addressed in GHRSST 2.Related European activities - ERNESST - CCI (see Chris) - OSI-SAF - MyOcean 3. GHRSST in the international landscape 4. Summary 7 Outline

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 European Research Network for Estimation from Space of Surface Temperature: Retrieval techniques Clouds Diurnal variability Integrating different satellites and in situ  Interaction with NASA-SST wanted 8 ERNESST

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NEWS (from Pierre Le Borgne)  Short term: The new Geostationary OSI SAF SST chain is expected to be operational in January 2011 –Cloud mask control flagging dubious pixels –A bias correction method is being implemented –Files are GDS V2 compliant –Delivery to Beta Users in November 2010 –Experimental products (OE SST, sdi, DW, fronts) available progressively in 2011  Longer term: Preparation of the OSI SAF CDOP2 (next contract with EUMETSAT): –Bias correction/OE applied to METOP/AVHRR –All SEVIRI data reprocessed with the new chain

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Analyzed SST(OSTIA) ECMWF profiles + RTTOV Simulated BTs Operational algorithm Applied on simulations Retrieved (predicted) SST Retrieved – analyzed SST = Predicted algorithm error (used as a correction term) Error simulation

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Le Borgne, P., Roquet, H. & C.J. Merchant, Estimation of SST from the SEVIRI, improved using numerical weather prediction, Remote Sensing of Environment, 115, 55–65, Before: After: Cause: atmospheric water vapour Biases improved with the new algorithm

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Observed T11-T12 Predicted T11-T12 ( ECMWF + RTTOV ) 11/09/2010 At 00:00 UTC Le Borgne, P., Roquet, H. & C.J. Merchant, 2010, Estimation of SST from the SEVIRI, improved using numerical weather prediction, Remote Sensing of Environment, 115, 55–65.

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 L3 (Europe) News from MyOcean

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature MyOcean QC/Validation MyO V1 (Dec 2010, see ) –Minimum QC/validation service black list (as is) L2P minimum list QC and validation All L3 + L4 HR/DDSV1 Issues - MyO V1 Outputs will be delivered in preGDS2 format - MyO will have to cope with inputs in GDS1 and GDS2 formats: Any provider please send us your transition to GDS2 planning, Thanks!

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 L4

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature US: for example MUR analysis by Mike Chin at JPL

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov Pre-requisites of data merging and how addressed in GHRSST 2.Related European activities 3.GHRSST in the international landscape - CEOS-VC - User communities 4. Summary 17 Outline

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 3. GHRSST in the international landscape GHRSST = independent, and well linked to the national and international space agencies, Met-offices, and major research institutes (e.g. Navoceano, NOAA) GHRSST interaction with NASA SST Science Team, ERNESST, ESA CCI, MyOcean, Australia, Japan, and others. Links to GCOS, CEOS, JCOMM, WCRP, OceanView, ET-OOFS, DBCP, Argo

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST serving as CEOS SST-VC –Improve coordination, consolidation and development of the collective EO SST capability –Improve SST products, services and their dissemination with better user engagement –Avoid duplication of existing activities by using the well established GHRSST as the prime implementation mechanism.

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST Applications and User support (AUS-TAG) User communities: 1.SST related research (ocean/atmosphere/coupling) 2.Ocean modelling and forecasting 3.NWP (hurricanes, seasonal-interannual rainfall variability) 4.Climate variability and change 5.Ecosystems (habitats, marine agriculture) 6.Fisheries 7.Navy acoustic signal processing

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Users and GHRSST’s responsibility The Advisory committee noted that there are now more users than ever before and advised GHRSST that care was needed to serve this user community well.  GHRSST is now focussing on documentation, products and services, which are easy to access, useful and well maintained

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 User tools and Services NAIAD and dataminer IFREMER and JPL SQUAM GMPE HRDDS WMS G1 OurOcean DataCasting

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST XII Science Team meeting 2011 Edinburgh, Scotland, 27 June - 01 July Special emphasis is on facilitating the exchange between data users and producers. Please indicate your interest by sending an to

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Summary GHRSST has strong overlap with NASA SST (ongoing and new) and collaboration is highly desirable. GHRSST will work towards community consensus on SST issues. NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature GHRSST serving SST-VC Objectives 1.Improve user feedback to CEOS Agencies 2.Minimise duplication of existing activities 3.Development and optimization of the SST constellation 4.Develop and implement metrics for SST services, products and users 5.Coordinate consensus reference documents 6.Encourage timely access to products 7.Develop and improve satellite SST Essential Climate Variable 8.Improve EO SST calibration, inter-calibration and validation 9.Develop training activities for satellite SST practitioners 10.Liaise with the other virtual constellations

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov GHRSST Regional Data Assembly Centres (RDACs)

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 $28 Million invested by the international GHRSST community 27

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 28  Ice and cloud contamination may be more severe because the classification regimes are trickier;  the atmospheres can be extremely dry and cold so that regressions (eg for AVHRR) trained on buoys elsewhere work poorly;  the satellite is often going over the day/night boundary so the algorithms have to deal with twilight and  the satellite calibration may be dealing with rapid temperature changes. Why are SST data biased in the high latitudes ? Answer from Chris, GHRSST Science Team, 07/10/2010

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature 29 Answer from Chris Merchant: Benefit is for any extreme/unusual atmosphere that is reasonably well represented in the NWP field used, assuming also the the forward modelling is not biased in those conditions - one might hope the high latitudes would be a place of improvement. Pierre Le Borgne et al at Meteo France are developing experimental chains based on: Merchant C J, P Le Borgne, A Marsouin and H Roquet (2008), Optimal estimation of sea surface temperature from split-window observations, Rem. Sens. Env., 112 (5), doi: /j.rse and Merchant C. J., P. Le Borgne, H. Roquet and A. Marsouin (2009), Sea surface temperature from a geostationary satellite by optimal estimation, Rem. Sens. Env., 113 (2), DOI: /j.rse Reprocessing: * We do physical retrievals in the ARC SST project, but for ATSR they don't (yet) beat ARC dual-view coefficient based SSTs * In the SST CCI, all the included IR sensors will be tried out with OE. That project will deliver historical L2P. New : doing Physical retrieval (Optimal estimation)

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov 2010 Frontiers of Science 1. SST quality (retrievals, cloud masks) 2. Error estimate (SSES, regional bias) 3. Diurnal variability 4. High latitudes and sea ice 5. Lake surface temperatures 6. Reanalysis Matching the needs of the users * * OOFS, NWP, climate modelling Donlon, Genteman, Nightingale, May, Wick, Barton, Robinson, Beggs, Reynolds, Kawamura, Rayner, Minnett, Evans, LeBorgne, Harris, Armstrong, Casey, Vasquez, Llewellyn-Jones, Bingham, Piolle, Merchant, Cornillon, Poulter, Castro, Kaplan, Hoeyer, Eastwood, Chin, Martin, Habermann, O’Caroll, Steinar and many more: 30

Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature NASA SST meeting Seattle 9-12 Nov different GHRSST products Plan is to do a user-product matrix