Peta Luas Produk dan Luas Lantai Produksi

Multi-Column Process Chart Similar content Visually cleaner Compares processes side-by-side

Multi-Column Example

Process Chart Used for just one part Record everything that happens to the part from material arrival to shipping Symbols are used to describe what happens

Process Chart Symbols Operation: an object is changed in its characteristics Transportation: an object is moved from one place to another Inspection: an object is examined with a standard as to quantity and quality Delay: the immediate performance of the next planned action does not take place Storage: an object is kept under control such that its withdrawal requires authorization

Process Chart Questions 1. Can I eliminate this step? 2. Can I automate this step? 3. Can I combine this step with another? 4. Can I reduce the travel distance? 5. Can I move workstations closer? 6. Can I justify production aids to increase effectiveness? 7. How much does this part cost to produce?

Total Plant Flow Flow Diagrams Show the path traveled by each part from receiving to fabrication to assembly and finally to shipping Problems such as cross traffic, backtracking, and travel distance should be visible

Total Plant Flow Cross Traffic Cross traffic occurs where flow lines cross Proper placement of equipment, services, and departments will eliminate cross traffic Congestion and safety considerations are results of cross traffic

Total Plant Flow Backtracking Material movement reversing flow Backtracking costs three times as much as correct material flow Distance Traveled Distance costs money to travel Facility layout is the key to reducing travel distances

Goals Analyze the flow to better plant layout Promote efficiency, effectiveness, and cost reduction Eliminate as many steps as possible Combine steps Rearrange equipment as appropriate

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