From Nuclei to Neutrinos The Naming of the Denys Wilkinson Building 21 June 2002 Nick Jelley

d  d  29 MeV 3 He on 14 N 1962 The Optical Model

MeV p 3H3H d 3 He 4 He Particle Identification EE E

40 MeV protons on carbon 1967 p d 3H3H 4 He 114 MeV 12 C beam on carbon 1974

Selectivity in Heavy-Ion Reactions Excitation Probability High Spin Low Spin 114 MeV 12 C and 11 B beams on carbon

40 Ca( 16 O,2np) 53 Co m Radioactivity 49 MeV 16 O beam on calcium Co m 245 ms half-life Proton

Discovery of 14 C radioactivity 1984  E-E telescope

Alpha-decay of Heavy Nuclei 1990 Geiger-Nuttall Plots

14 C dating Nature C 13 C 14 C 13 C modern old

The Oxford Microprobe 1986 p-induced X-rays 

Magnetic Moments of Excited States F + 1 H  16 O * +  6.13 MeV 3   g  0.556(4) 0o0o 90 o 6.13 MeV stopped flight  19 F foilstopper 0o0o 90 o 16 O

MeV 20 Ne  16 O gs MeV Parity Violation

 decay of 8 Li and 8 B: The Second-Class Current Problem B  8 Be * + e Li  8 Be * + e  +  second-class current g IT = 2.10  3 |g IT | < 7.10  4

8 B  8 Be * + e + + Solar Neutrinos

Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Reactions in SNO -Good measurement of e energy spectrum -Weak directional sensitivity  1-1/3cos(  ) -Measure total 8 B flux from the sun. NC xx  npd ES --  eνeν xx -Low Statistics -Strong directional sensitivity CC - eppd  e  e only  Equal cross section for all types  All types but enhanced sensitivity to e

A Neutrino Event

Signal Extraction Results CC ES NC 576.5

SNO CCSNO NC Standard Solar Model  flux 1/3 SSM SNO Results  10 6 cm -2 s -1

Flavour Oscillations Oscillations before SNO Combining All Experimental and Solar Model information after