Terms and Cases Module 3 - Chapter 3 Article II

Terms – Article II Commander in Chief: The President of the United States. Commander in Chief: The President of the United States. Electoral College: The Constitutional system for electing a President of the United States. Electoral College: The Constitutional system for electing a President of the United States. Executive Privilege: Theory that the President can withhold documents for national security reasons. Generally not backed up by the Supreme Court. Executive Privilege: Theory that the President can withhold documents for national security reasons. Generally not backed up by the Supreme Court.

Terms – Article II Pardon Power: President has the power to excuse a person of crimes except impeachment. Pardon Power: President has the power to excuse a person of crimes except impeachment. Presidential Impeachment: The President can be removed from office after accused by the House of Representatives and found quality by the Senate. The President can only be removed for bribery, treason or high crimes and misdemeanors. Presidential Impeachment: The President can be removed from office after accused by the House of Representatives and found quality by the Senate. The President can only be removed for bribery, treason or high crimes and misdemeanors. State of Union Address: Address where the President reports on the condition of the United States and makes legislative suggestions to Congress State of Union Address: Address where the President reports on the condition of the United States and makes legislative suggestions to Congress

Terms – Article II Treason: Levying War or giving aid or comfort to the nation’s enemies, does not mean simply criticizing the government. Treason: Levying War or giving aid or comfort to the nation’s enemies, does not mean simply criticizing the government.

Cases Korematsu v. United States (1944): Sanctioned the exclusion of Japanese Americans from areas in California where they were thought to pose a military threat. In this case, however, Justice Hugo Black said that any classifications based on race were “immediately suspect” and would be subject to increased scrutiny Korematsu v. United States (1944): Sanctioned the exclusion of Japanese Americans from areas in California where they were thought to pose a military threat. In this case, however, Justice Hugo Black said that any classifications based on race were “immediately suspect” and would be subject to increased scrutiny Myers v. United States (1926): Established the president’s sole right to fire executive officers that he had appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate. Myers v. United States (1926): Established the president’s sole right to fire executive officers that he had appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate. United States v. Nixon (1974): Established that a president’s executive privilege was limited and that President Nixon would have to turn over select Washington tapes to the Watergate Special Prosecutor. United States v. Nixon (1974): Established that a president’s executive privilege was limited and that President Nixon would have to turn over select Washington tapes to the Watergate Special Prosecutor.

Cases U.S. Term Limits v. Thornton (1995): Decided that the qualifications listed for members in the Constitution were exclusive and that states could not add to this requirement by imposing their own term limits. U.S. Term Limits v. Thornton (1995): Decided that the qualifications listed for members in the Constitution were exclusive and that states could not add to this requirement by imposing their own term limits. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952): A case, often simply called the Steel Seizure Case, in which the court ruled that President Truman did not have inherent authority as commander in chief to seize the American steel industry in order to avert a strike that threatened supplies needed to pursue the conflict then being waged in Korea. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952): A case, often simply called the Steel Seizure Case, in which the court ruled that President Truman did not have inherent authority as commander in chief to seize the American steel industry in order to avert a strike that threatened supplies needed to pursue the conflict then being waged in Korea.