How Tomorrow’s Technology Will Impact Creativity and Industrial Innovation in the Totally Connected World Invited Lecture Industrial Research Institute Coronado, CA October 31, 2003 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation A Bold Experiment in Collaborative Research UCSB UCLA California NanoSystems Institute UCSF UCB California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research UCI UCSD California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society UCSC UCD UCM

Cal-(IT) 2 --An Interdisciplinary Research Public-Private Partnership on the Future of the Internet UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community The State’s $100 M Creates Unique Buildings, Equipment, and Laboratories

Two New Cal-(IT) 2 Buildings Are Under Construction Will Create New Laboratory Facilities –Interdisciplinary Teams –Wireless and Optical Networking –Computer Arts Virtual Reality –Clean Rooms for Nanotech and BioMEMS Bioengineering UC San Diego UC Irvine See for Live VideoCamswww.calit2.net

The UCSD Cal-(IT) 2 Building Will Be Occupied in January 2005 Digital Cinema Auditorium Virtual Reality Cube Nanotech Clean Rooms RF and Optical Circuit Labs 200 Single Offices Hundreds of Collaborative Seats Watch us Grow! [

Cal-(IT) 2 Buildings Will Have Ubiquitous Tele-Presence Falko Kuester, UCI, Laboratory with Smart Boards and Optically Connected Large Screens

Cal-(IT) 2 Industrial Partners are Supporting Academic Research and Education Hosting Seminars or Lectures Co-Sponsoring Workshops/Conferences Funding Faculty Research Projects Supporting Summer Undergraduate Fellows Funding Graduate Fellowships Providing Equipment for Living Labs Creating Chaired Professorships We Collaborate With Over Fifty Industrial Sponsors

Enormous Capacity Core Network –Multiple Wavelengths of Light Per Fiber –Linking Clusters, Storage, Visualization –Massive Distributed Data Sets Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime –Broadband Speeds –Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points –Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones) –Sensors and Actuators –Embedded Processors Major Internet Technology Trends That Will Have Major Impact on Industry

Where is Telecommunications Research Performed? A Historic Shift Source: Bob Lucky, Telcordia/SAIC U.S. Industry Non-U.S. Universities U.S. Universities Percent Of The Papers Published IEEE Transactions On Communications 70% 85%

Transitioning to the “Always-On” Mobile Internet ,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2, Mobile Internet Fixed Internet Subscribers (millions) Source: Ericsson Two Modes of Wireless: Wide Area Cellular Internet Local Access Wi-Fi

Using Students to Invent the Future of Widespread Use of Wireless Devices Broadband Internet Connection via Wireless Wi-Fi –Over 600 Access Points on the Campus Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment –500 Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates 300 Entering UCSD Sixth College Students—Fall 2002 Experiments with Geo-Location and Interactive Maps Cal-(IT) 2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI UC San Diego UC Irvine

Campuses Are Increasingly Covered With High Bandwidth “Wi-Fi” Wireless Internet Zones UCSD Wireless Projects –ActiveClass –ActiveCampus –Explorientation –CyberShuttle UCI Wireless Projects –GPS PDAs –Intelligent Transportation –Wearables UCSD

Geolocation Will Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application Technologies of Geolocation –GPS chips –Access Point Triangulation –Bluetooth Beacons –Gyro chips Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map

Students Are Creating New Uses of the “Always-On” Internet

Only Three Years From Research to Market New Broadband Cellular Internet Technology First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet –UCSD Jacobs School Antenna –Three Years Before Commercial Rollout Linking to Mobile “Bubble” –Tested on Campus CyberShuttle Verizon is Now in Final Tests Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point Verizon Rollout Fall 2003 CyberShuttle March 2002 Installed Dec 2000

Experimenting with the Future -- Wireless Internet Video Cams & Robots Computer Vision and Robotics Research Lab Mohan Trivedi, UCSD, Cal-(IT) 2 Mobile Interactivity Avatar Linked by 1xEV Cellular Internet Useful for Highway Accidents or Disasters

High Resolution, Low Jitter Video Diagnosis Tool Cal-(IT) 2, Qualcomm, Path 1, & UCSD Stroke Center End-to-End QoS Management Video Delivered Over CDMA x EV-DO To Specialists Viewing Station –Standard Laptop With 1xEV-DO Modems Current Coverage 10 Mi. Around Campus Prototype Led to a $5-million, 5-Year Grant from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke

As Our Bodies Move On-Line Digital Medicine Will Emerge In Body Sensors—Israeli Video Pill –Battery, Light, & Video Camera –Images Transmitted to Hip Device Next Step—Putting You On-Line! –Wireless Internet Transmission –Key Metabolic and Physical Variables –Model -- Dozens of Processors and 60 Sensors / Actuators Inside of our Cars Post-Genomic Personalized Medicine –Combine Across Populations –Genetic Code –Digital Imaging –Body Data Flow –Use Powerful AI Data Mining

Over the Next Decade Nano-Info-Bio Engineering Will Revolutionize in Vivo Sensors 5 nanometers Human Rhinovirus IBM Quantum Corral Iron Atoms on Copper 400x Magnification From MEMS to Nanotech VCSELaser 500x Magnification 2 mm Nanogen MicroArray

The OptIPuter Philosophy “A global economy designed to waste transistors, power, and silicon area -and conserve bandwidth above all- is breaking apart and reorganizing itself to waste bandwidth and conserve power, silicon area, and transistors." George Gilder Telecosm (2000) Bandwidth is getting cheaper faster than storage. Storage is getting cheaper faster than computing. Exponentials are crossing.

The OptIPuter Project – Removing Bandwidth as an Obstacle In Data Intensive Sciences NSF Large Information Technology Research Proposal –UCSD and UIC Lead Campuses—Larry Smarr PI –USC, UCI, SDSU, NW Partnering Campuses Industrial Partners: IBM, Telcordia/SAIC, Chiaro, Calient $13.5 Million Over Five Years Optical IP Streams From Lab Clusters to Large Data Objects NIH Biomedical Informatics Research Network NSF EarthScope siovizcenter.ucsd.edu/library/gallery/shoot1/index.shtml

OptIPuter Includes On-Line Microscopes Creating Very Large Biological Montage Images 2-Photon Laser Confocal Microscope –High Speed On-line Capability Montage Image Sizes Exceed 16x Highest Resolution Monitors –~150 Million Pixels! Use Graphics Cluster with Multiple GigEs to Drive Tiled Displays Source: David Lee, NCMIR, UCSD IBM 9M Pixels

Ultra Resolution Aerial Photographs For Homeland Security--Washington DC USGS (OptIPuter partner) ~350,000x350,000 Pixel Images of 350 US Cities, ~ 50TB of Data (Brian Davis)

½ Mile SIO SDSC CRCA Phys. Sci - Keck SOM JSOE Preuss 6 th College SDSC Annex Node M Earth Sciences SDSC Medicine Engineering High School To CENIC Collocation Source: Phil Papadopoulos, SDSC; Greg Hidley, Cal-(IT) 2 The UCSD OptIPuter DeploymentPrototyping a Campus-Scale OptIPuter Forged a New Level Of Campus Collaboration In Networking Infrastructure SDSC Annex Juniper T Tbps Backplane Bandwidth 20X Chiaro Estara 6.4 Tbps Backplane Bandwidth 2 Miles 0.01 ms

Multi-Latency OptIPuter Laboratory National-Scale Experimental Network Source: John Silvester, Dave Reese, Tom West-CENIC Chicago OptIPuter StarLight NU, UIC SoCal OptIPuter USC, UCI UCSD, SDSU 2000 Miles 10 ms =1000x Campus Latency “National Lambda Rail” Partnership Serves Very High-End Experimental and Research Applications 4 x 10GB Wavelengths Initially Capable of 40 x 10Gb wavelengths at Buildout

OptIPuter Uses TransLight Lambdas to Connect Current and Potential International-Scale Partners Source: Tom DeFanti, UIC The OptIPuter Was Born Global! Starlight NU, UIC Univ. of Amsterdam NetherLight Current OptIPuter

From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab Can We Create Realistic Telepresence Using Dedicated Optical Networks?

Geography Underground Earth Sciences Neurosciences Anatomy Interactive 3D APPLICATIONS: How Can We Make Scientific Discovery as Engaging as Video Games? Source: Rozeanne Steckler, Mike Bailey, SDSC