Introduction and Historical Review of Biotechnology Michael D. Peel NDSU

Recent history of transgenic crops Relative importance –Farm community –Public Non crop applications of biotechnology to think about

Transgenic crops test by year in the US

Testing of transgenic crops since 1987

Product quality Herbicide tolerance Virus resistance Insect resistance Agronomic properties Transgenic traits approved/no longer regulated

Product quality Herbicide tolerance Virus resistance Insect resistance Agronomic properties Transgenic traits approved/no longer regulated

Production of Transgenic crops in the US Major crops approved –Corn –Soybean –Cotton Other approved crops –Tomato –Potato –Sugar beet –Canola –Rice –Plus others

Question? What are the benefits of biotechnology?

Benefits of Bt Corn –Reduced insecticide use –Reduced lodging –Increased yield Cotton –Reduced use of insecticides –Harvestable crop

Benefits to humans Molecular based diagnosis –Breast cancer –Parkinson's disease –Hemochromotosis –Genetic diseases in general Forensic –Crime –Identification of remains Improve nutrition –Yellow rice –Tomatoes high in lycopene, an antioxidant –Higher starch potato, adsorbs less fat when fried

We are seeing it in the Media PBS Frontline Xenotransplantation (3-27) –Parkinson's, injection of fetal pig neuro cells into brain –Liver failure, liver from a transgenic pig use until human liver available 60 Minutes II, (3-13) –Transgenic Salmon

GMP Start Link YAC GMO's Are Bad, Bad, Bad Transgenic Biotechnology will prevent starvation GMO GEO Genetically Engineered What do all these terms mean

Questions to consider How does biotechnology affect me? How will biotechnology affect my children?

Program outline AM Understanding biotechnology PM Current status of transgenic crops Biotech products and health issues Regulation Breakout sessions –Social issues –Marketing