Orthopedic Joint Replacement: Applications and Challenges Peter Ping Liu, Ph D, PE, CQE, OCP and CSIT Professor and Coordinator of Graduate Programs School of Technology Eastern Illinois University Charleston, IL 61920
An Example: Human Knee
Normal Knee With Healthy Articular Cartilage
Diseased Knee worn cartilage
Common Problems (Arthritis) Osteoarthritis (OA) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Post-traumatic Arthritis
Consequences Pain Stiff joint Immobility
Total joint replacement normally is the last treatment option if everything else fails.
Typical Total Knee Replacement
Total Hip Joint Replacement
Shoulder Replacement
Elbow Replacement
Challenges: Possible Complications of Surgery Problems with anesthesia Cardiovascular problems including heart attack Vascular problems including thrombus Bronchopulmonary problems including emboli Genitourinary problems Gastrointestinal problems.
Challenges: Joint Replacement Surgery Bleeding problems Blood clots in the legs and/or lungs Wound healing problems Damage to nerves and blood vessels Limb length discrepancy Bone erosion or abnormal bone formation Dislocation Infection Pain Bone fracture or non-union Component loosening
Challenges: Patients Physical therapy Moderate exercise Care of the joints
Challenges: Materials and Engineering Compatible with human body. Support the load. No significant facture or fatigue. Low friction. Minimum wear and particle generation.
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