Central Ischemic Response Severe drop in Brain MAP > increase in flow to brain & brain MAP, shunt blood away from other organs (vasoconstriction via sympathetic) HOWEVER, long term O2 deprivation shuts down brainstem…lose the integrator Causes systemic vasodilatation and further drop in MAP…… DEATH! Lose systemic sympathetic Results in severe vasodilation HR and contractility DROP Reduced Cardiac Output MAP = CO x R

Capillary Anatomy Continuous CapillariesFenestrated Capillaries Transcytosis via vesicles Large Proteins & Solutes Diffusion directly through capillary wall O2 & CO2, Ions

Movement through capillary walls Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure (CHP) Colloid Osmotic Pressure (COP) Fluid Movement = CHP - COP Fluid Moves out to ISFFILTRATION Fluid Moves in to CapillaryABSORPTION BLOOD FLOW Arterial side Venous side

Filtration drives Fluid into ISF O2, Ions, Nutrients, Glucose! Absorption drives Fluid into Capillary CO2, Metabolic wastes, recycled molecules COP > CHP CHP COP COP > CHP Arterial sideVenous side