Organic Chemistry 246 Robin Polt

PlanetVenusEarthMars Orbit (Km) 108,200, ,600, ,940,00 0 Mass (Kg) 4.9 x x x Diam. (Km) 12,10312,7566,749

PlanetVenusEarthMars Orbit (Km) 108,200, ,600, ,940,00 0 Mass (Kg) 4.9 x x x Diam. (Km) 12,10312,7566,749 CO 2 N2N2N2N2 Ar O2O2O2O2 Pressure

PlanetVenusEarthMars Orbit (Km) 108,200, ,600, ,940,00 0 Mass (Kg) 4.9 x x x Diam. (Km) 12,10312,7566,749 CO 2 0.1% N2N2N2N277% Ar1% O2O2O2O221% Pressure 760 mmHg

PlanetVenusEarthMars Orbit (Km) 108,200, ,600, ,940,00 0 Mass (Kg) 4.9 x x x Diam. (Km) 12,10312,7566,749 CO 2 96%0.1% N2N2N2N2 > 3% 77% Ar < 1% 1% O2O2O2O2 << 1% 21% Pressure 69,920 mmHg 760 mmHg

PlanetVenusEarthMars Orbit (Km) 108,200, ,600, ,940,00 0 Mass (Kg) 4.9 x x x Diam. (Km) 12,10312,7566,749 CO 2 96%0.1%95.3% N2N2N2N2 > 3% 77%2.7% Ar < 1% 1%1.6% O2O2O2O2 << 1% 21%0.15% Pressure 69,920 mmHg 760 mmHg 5.32 mmHg

Carbon Cycle 6 CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 2 2 HO 2 + hv  Plants Animals O2O2O2O2 O2O2O2O2

Oxidation of Carbon (Inorganic) CO 3 = CO 2 CO C [0] [+ 2] [+ 4] Carbon Carbonyl Carbonate Most Oxidized Most Reduced —Not Useful for Organic Chemistry —We Need More Subtle Distinctions

Oxidation of Carbon (Organic) Most Oxidized Most Reduced —Hint for Determining Oxidation State —Count the Hydrogens on Carbon

Oxidation of Carbon (Organic) Most Oxidized Most Reduced