“Occlusion” Prepared by: Shreya Rawal 1
Extending Distortion Viewing from 2D to 3D S. Carpendale, D. J. Cowperthwaite and F. David Fracchia (1997) 2
What after developing visualization? Exploration Navigation Interpretation of data We will be applying techniques which are used in 2D into 3D for exploration/navigation/interpretation. 3
Various viewing techniques for 3D data Viewing angle (rotation) Viewing position (navigation) Combination of the two 4
Problems associated Loss of context Loss of orientation “Occlusion” 5
What is detail-in-context distortion? You provide details but keep the context intact. Distortion: Spatial reorganization of an existing representation Main aim is to minimize occlusion Applied with Magnification + Displacement 160 Nodes 6
Two – dimensional distortion patterns Stretch orthogonal Nonlinear orthogonal Nonlinear radial Step orthogonal 7
Stretch orthogonal Stretching all data on either of the two axes centered a the focus. Compressing the remaining areas uniformly. 2D Displacement + Magnification 8
Nonlinear orthogonal Focus is magnified to requested amount. Magnification decreases according to some function. Disadvantages: Limits the magnification in focal region Causes more extreme compression at the edges 2D Displacement + Magnification 9
Nonlinear radial Adjacent edges curve away from the focus. Outer rows of the grid is hardly affected. 2D Displacement + Magnification 10
Step Orthogonal Data is aligned with the focus unstretched. Less data distortion. Disadvantage: Leaves unused space. Causes grouping of the data. 2D Displacement + Magnification 11
Displacement + Magnification 2D 3D 12
2D Displacement + Magnification 2D only Displacement Magnification + Displacement vs. Displacement only in 2D In 2D: Magnification + Displacement has the same effect as Displacement only 13 Stretch Non-Linear Non-linear Step orthogonal orthogonal Radial Orthogonal
Magnification + Displacement vs. Displacement only in 3D Magnification + Displacement Only- Displacement In 3D: Displacement only had better effects than Magnification + Displacement 14 Stretch Non-Linear Non-linear Step orthogonal orthogonal Radial Orthogonal
Visual Access Distortion Naïve 2D 3D extension still does not solve Occlusion problem completely Solution move geometry according to viewpoint magnify focus only displace items in a different way (curves vs. straight lines) Focus + context approach 15
Visual Access Distortion 16
Single Focus 17
Multiple Foci 18
Randomly positioned nodes: Close to real data. 19
EdgeLens: An interactive Method for Managing Edge Congestion in Graphs N. Wong, S. Carpendale, S. Greenberg (2003) 20
Problems in Graph representation When dealing with complex and large real world dataset Many interconnected nodes leads to Edge-congestion Edge-congestion results in: obscuring nodes obscuring individual edges obscuring visual information 21
Managing edge layout 1. Edge density 2. Crossovers 3. Occlusion Airline routes from NorthWest Airlines, November,
Edge congestion problem Although position of node add value to visualization they introduce ambiguity (edge occlusion). A simple 3 node graph 23 Possible interpretations
Solutions: Edge congestion problem Layout Position of nodes have importance. Curving edges globally 24
Solutions: Edge congestion problem Filtering Removing unimportant edges only works where we can distinguish between important and unimportant edges. you loose the relation of one edge with other edges 25
Solutions: Edge congestion problem Magnification: 26
EdgeLens: An interactive technique It moves edges without detaching it from node Use displacement only Respects the semantics of node layout. Disambiguates edge overlapping Disambiguates node overlapping Clarifies details about graph structure 27
Two EdgeLens approaches Bubble Vs Spline a) Bubbleb) Spline 28
User Study 16 participants Task: 8 route finding task (easy, medium-easy, medium and hard) Post session Questionnaire Data: nodes: Canadian cities edges: Airline routes Result: Spline turned out to be better 29
Algorithm Decide which edges affected Calculate displacements Calculate spline control points (c 1, c 2 ) Draw curves 30 Curved Edge Original position of edge
Features and Demo Video 31
Discussion Scalability of multiple focus points for technique discussed in 1 st paper (distortion viewing) as compared to EdgeLens. Distortion viewing (in 1 st paper) can be applied to all kinds of 3D visualizations. Can Occlusion be completely avoided in 3D? Deal Occlusion or Get rid of Occlusion? Detail in context!! (Bubble vs. Spline) 32
References S. Carpendale, D.J. Cowperthwaite, F. David Fracchia. Extending Distortion Viewing from 2D to 3D. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 17(4), pp , July / August Nelson Wong, Sheelagh Carpendale and Saul Greenberg. EdgeLens: An Interactive Method for Managing Edge Congestion in Graphs. In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (InfoVis 2003). IEEE Press, pages 51-58, 2003 4x4.pdf 33
My Project: Erlang trace data: nodes: processes edges: interaction between processes (message sending and spawning) Position of nodes does not have any significance Hence concept of EdgeLens might not be applicable Yes, node occlusion and edge congestion is an issue 34