MANUFACTURING

How Manufacturing is Done –Market research helps the company find out what customers want in a product –Research & Development --- engineers and product designers –R & D comes up with ideas for new products and improves the ways of making the old ones --- inventions and innovations –Prototype is built by craftspeople to test the product before beginning the factory production –Flowchart show the operations of a production line in a diagram form –Advertisements and commercials are the ways to sell the product –Salespeople sell and distribute the product –Customer service departments helps with the servicing and repair of the defective products

Ensuring Quality –Quality control workers inspect products to make sure they conform to the desired result –Feedback from QC department is used to change manufacturing processes when necessary –Uniformity --- the products are all alike or uniform

Automated Manufacturing –Automation is the process of controlling machines automatically –Program control --- controlling a process through a program –Feedback control --- use of feedback from sensors to adjust the way a machine is working –Automation saves money on labor costs  Robotics –Robots are automated machines that are controlled by computers –Robots are taking the place of people in many factories –People are needed to install, service, and program robots –They can work 24 hours a day –They relieve people from dangerous, boring, heavy, or unpleasant work –They are used in welding, spray-painting, pick-place and loading-on- conveyers type of jobs –They can be reprogrammed --- welding fenders of different models of a car

Automated Manufacturing  CAD/CAM –Computer-aided design is used by designers, drafters and engineers to do drawings and designing with a computer –CAD can also be used to test a design of part in simulation –Simulation --- a design is run through a series of tests –Computer-aided manufacturing --- use of computers to control factory machines –CAM directs machines to do certain jobs –CAD/CAM lets a person create a design on a computer and then send it directly to a machine tool  CIM –Computer-integrated manufacturing is using computers for CAD/CAM and for business needs –They are used to store information about raw materials and parts

Automated Manufacturing  Flexible Manufacturing –It is the efficient production of small amounts of products  Just-in-Time Manufacturing –It is the type of manufacturing in which materials and parts are ordered so that they arrive at the factory when they are needed –There is no need for storage space