Slide 1.1 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Chapter 1 Information Systems Lecture 1 Data, Information and Decisions

Slide 1.2 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Data and Information Historical trends Information – definition –information is data processed for a purpose Processing data –categories of data processing (see next slide)

Slide 1.3 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Data and Information

Slide 1.4 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Decisions – Cognitive Style and Background Decision making style –Analytical –Intuitive Information absorption style –Detailed –Holistic Background

Slide 1.5 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Decisions – Cognitive Style and Background (Continued) Figure 1.2 Four cognitive styles for absorbing information and taking decisions

Slide 1.6 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 A Model of Decision Making – Simon’s Model Intelligence Design Choice Implementation

Slide 1.7 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Decisions – Simon’s Model of Decision Making Figure 1.3 Stages in making a decision

Slide 1.8 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Levels of Managerial Decision Taking Strategic planning Tactical planning and control Operational planning and control

Slide 1.9 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Levels of Managerial Decision Taking (Continued) Figure 1.4 Information characteristics for managerial decisions

Slide 1.10 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 The Structure of Decisions Unstructured Semi-structured Structured

Slide 1.11 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 The value of Information Quantifiable value Non-quantifiable value Intelligence –information collected for background understanding Cost–benefit analysis –to establish project viability

Slide 1.12 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Chapter 1 Information Systems Lecture 2 Systems and Management Information Systems

Slide 1.13 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 The Idea of a System Definition –A collection of interrelated parts that taken together forms a whole such that: the collection has some purpose; a change in any of the parts leads to or results from a change in some other part(s). Characteristics –inputs, outputs, processes, storage

Slide 1.14 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Characteristics of Systems Systems objectives –objective(s) –measure of performance Inputs and outputs of a system –one system’s output is another’s input Systems environment Boundary Open and closed systems

Slide 1.15 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Systems Connected by Inputs and Outputs Figure 1.7 Systems connected by inputs and outputs

Slide 1.16 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Subsystems and Systems Hierarchies Figure 1.8 Hierarchical relations between subsystems in a manufacturing organization

Slide 1.17 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Subsystems Decoupling Degree of coupling –highly coupled, decoupled –buffer –slack capacity Total systems approach Control –feedback, feedforward

Slide 1.18 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Management Information Systems Drivers –cost, speed, interaction, flexibility Databases Figure 1.16 Business information support systems (alternative terminology)

Slide 1.19 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Management Information Systems As a Collection of Subsystems Figure 1.18 The relation between the data-processing and management information systems (a)(b)

Slide 1.20 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Management Information Systems MIS as a collection of subsystems Design of MIS Approaches to MIS design –by-product –null –key variable –total study –critical success factor

Slide 1.21 Curtis/Cobham © Pearson Education Limited 2008 Informal and Formal Information Formal –produced by standard procedures –objective –relevant Informal –subjective –qualitative –arrives via non-standard channels