Unit 4 MANUFACTURING Lesson 1 The Big Idea

Objectives: 1. Analyze manufacturing processes, including designing, developing, producing, and servicing. 2. Describe mechanical processes that change the form of materials. 3. Identify the major areas of manufacturing and leading enterprises from each segment. 4. Compare and contrast manufacturing and construction in terms of outputs. 5. Describe natural material resources. 6. Identify and provide examples of types of primary processing. 7. Describe the major manufacturing processes. 8. Describe how manufacturing systems capture, develop, produce, and market creative ideas. 9. Research, design, and fabricate a display depicting a primary manufacturing process. 10. Make an oral presentation to the class and other audiences.

The Big Idea Modern manufacturing technologies produce quality goods at low prices, enhancing the quality of life for many people.

Purpose of Lesson To familiarize students with the functioning and organization of manufacturing enterprises.

How Everyday Things Are Made

Engagement Answer the following questions: a. What was the “real time” duration of the process shown? b. What are some things that manufacturers have to do before a product is assembled? c. What resources were used to assemble the product? d. Who controlled the processes we saw? Speculate on the impacts of manufacturing on individuals, society, economics, politics, and the environment.

Explanation Manufacturing remains the world’s economic power source. (Industry Week, http://www.industryweek.com/research/iw1000/2010/iw1000revenues.asp) The annual global ranking of the largest manufacturing firms proves that publicly held companies continue to be the power generators of the world’s wealth.

Match the names of leading Global manufacturers with their products. Explanation Match the names of leading Global manufacturers with their products. PRODUCT MANUFACTURER 1. Petroleum & coal products A. Caterpillar, Inc. 2. Motor vehicles B. Exxon Mobil 3. Electrical equip. & appliances C. General Electric (GE) 4. Food D. Boeing Co. 5. Chemicals E. Samsung 6. Computer & other electronic products F. Johnson & Johnson 7. Primary metals G. Nestlé SA 8. Pharmaceuticals H. Procter & Gamble 9. Machinery I. Arcelor Mittal 10. Communications J. France Telecom 11. Aerospace & Defense K. Toyota

Petroleum & coal products Petroleum & coal products –the industry’s revenue giant in petroleum & coal products is Exxon Mobil $303 Billion-TOP Revenue of ALL manufacturing Companies! #2 Royal Dutch Shell

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicles – Japanese automaker Toyota posted a $222 Billion revenue but their revenue has decreased by 22% from 2008-09 revenues.

Electrical equipment & appliances Electrical equipment & appliances – among the 28companies on the list in the electrical equipment & appliances industry, GE had the highest revenues—$156 billion. (4 times higher than Mitsubishi 2nd place.)

Food Food–Switzerland’s Nestlé SA produced the highest revenues, $104 billion.

Chemicals Leading Chemical Company – Procter and Gamble earns $79 billion in revenue

Computer & other electronic products Computer & other electronic products + $120 Billion in revenues (Japanese Company)

Primary metals Primary metals – Arcelor Mittal (France) earned almost $65 billion, the highest revenues among the all the companies in the metals industry.

Pharmaceuticals Pharmaceuticals - Johnson & Johnson took in $62 Billion in 2009, the highest revenue figure among the pharmaceutical manufacturers on the IW 1000

Machinery Machinery - Among the machinery producers on the IW 1000, Caterpillar Inc. generated the most revenues—$32 billion.

Communications French Company France Telecom earns $67 Billion in revenue and is closely followed by Nokia Corp. (Finland)

Production activities either result in a product or a structure. Production activities that result in products is called manufacturing. Production activities that result in structures is called construction.

Manufacturing Manufacturing processes have been changed by improved tools and techniques based on more thorough scientific understanding, increases in the forces that can be applied and the temperatures that can be reached, and the availability of electronic controls that make operations occur more rapidly and consistently.

Goods Non-durable goods are designed to operate for a short period of time. Durable goods are designed to operate for a long period of time

Manufacturing systems Manufacturing systems may be classified into types, such as: Customized production Continuous production Batch production

Marketing Marketing involves establishing a product’s identity, conducting research on its potential, advertising it, distributing it, and selling it.

Biotechnology Biotechnology has applications in such areas as agriculture, pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, medicine, energy, the environment, and genetic engineering.

Medical technologies Medical technologies include prevention and rehabilitation, vaccines and pharmaceuticals, medical and surgical procedures, genetic engineering, and the systems in which health is protected and maintained.

Transportation Transportation plays a vital role in the operation of other technologies, such as manufacturing, construction, communication, health and safety, and agriculture.

Intermodalism Intermodalism is the use of different modes of transportation, such as highways, railways, and waterways as part of an interconnected system that can move people and goods easily from one mode to another.

Categories of Manufacturing Resources processing (primary manufacturing) Product manufacturing (secondary manufacturing)

Types of Natural Material Resources Minerals Genetic materials Fossil fuel materials

Primary Processing Mechanical processes (producing lumber and plywood) Chemical and electrochemical processes (producing aluminum) Thermal processes (producing steel, glass, refining petroleum)

Major Manufacturing Processes Casting and molding Separating Assembling Conditioning Forming Finishing

Major Manufacturing Processes Casting & Molding Basic Steps in process Introducing a liquid material into a prepared cavity and causing the material to solidify Prepare the mold Prepare the material Introduce the material into the mold Cause the material to solidify Extract the Product

Major Manufacturing Processes Forming Basic Steps in process Applying force through a shaping device to cause a material to change its shape permanently Develop the shaping device Establish material temperature Create the forming forces

Major Manufacturing Processes Separating Basic Steps in process Using a cutting element to remove excess material to create a desired size and shape Select the cutting device or element Support the work and/or the Cutting Device Create the cutting and fee motions

Major Manufacturing Processes Conditioning Basic Steps in process Using heat, chemical action, or mechanical force to change the internal properties of a material Determine the desired Material property Determine the material structure needed to produce the property Select the process to develop the property Use Chemical, Thermal, or mechanical means to condition the material

Major Manufacturing Processes Assembly Basic Steps in process Temporarily, semi-permanently, or permanently attaching parts to make assemblies or products Determine the Type of Assembly needed Determine the technique that will develop the assembly Select the appropriate joint for the assembly Install the fastener or bond the material

Major Manufacturing Processes Finishing Basic Steps in process Coating or converting the surface of a material to protect and/or beautify it Select a finishing material or technique Prepare the product for finishing Apply the finish

Manufacturing Manufacturing is part of a larger system that captures, develops, produces, and markets creative ideas and includes: a. Research and development b. Production c. Marketing d. Industrial relations e. Financial management

EXIT Ticket Big Idea EXIT Ticket

Extension Students working in groups will research, design, and fabricate a display depicting a primary manufacturing process (mechanical, thermal, chemical or electromechanical). The student groups will make an oral presentation to the class and other audiences on their research.

Big Idea Unit 4 “Research” Manufacturing process Activity Description