Changing demands for education and research in changing times Anders Hagström, ETH Zurich – Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

Some of the challenges in our changing world….  Globalisation – in industry and higher education  Increased internationalisation, competition for talent, resources  Bologna reform: levelled playing field (more or less)  Society’s grand challenges require interdisciplinary responses  Trend towards institutional autonomy – and accountability  Squeeze on public finances  International (and national) rankings

Switzerland and Norway: many similarities  Small countries  Wealthy, highly developed nations  European, non-EU members  Similar mentalities  But also important differences…

Basic data Switzerland (2010)  Residents:  Surface: km 2  Cantons: 26  Languages (Census 2000):  63.7% German  20.4% French  6.4% Italian  0.5% Rhaeto-Romanic  9.0% others  GDP (2009): CHF million  GDP per capita (2009): CHF ETH Zurich, 2011

Key figures Norway–Switzerland Norway Switzerland Number of inhabitants in thousands (2010) Inhabitants per km Foreigners as percentage of the total population (2004) Births outside marriage in %5518 Education and Science: Public expenditure on education % of GDP (2007) Expenditure on research and development as % of GDP (2009) Industry expenditure on R&D45.3%68.2% European patent applications (2007) Graduates in science and technology, % of age group (2008)9.2%17.4% Source: Eurostat, Swiss Federal Statistical Office

Innovation Performance Source: Innovation Union Scoreboard 2010 ETH Zurich, 2011

Innovation Union Scoreboard Switzerland Innovation Union Scoreboard 2010

Innovation Union Scoreboard Norway Innovation Union Scoreboard 2010

Innovation Union Scoreboard Switzerland Innovation Union Scoreboard 2010

Innovation Union Scoreboard Norway Innovation Union Scoreboard 2010

Higher Education in Switzerland 11 2 ETHs (Zurich and Lausanne) 10 Cantonal Universities 17 Federal Research Institutes 9 Regional Universities of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschulen)

Swiss Education System Age 7 Maturity Certificate Upper Secondary Schools (Maturitätsschulen) Maturity Certificate Upper Secondary Schools (Maturitätsschulen) Professional / Specialized Maturity Certificate Apprenticeship Specialized Middle Schools Professional / Specialized Maturity Certificate Apprenticeship Specialized Middle Schools ETHs and Universities Bachelor (180 ECTS) Diploma (3-4 yrs) Bachelor (180 ECTS) Master (90/120 ECTS) Master (90/120 ECTS) Diploma/ Licence (4.5–5 yrs) Doctorate Continuing Education Master of Advanced Studies (60 ECTS) Diploma of Advanced Studies (30 ECTS) Certificate of Advanced Studies (10 ECTS) Continuing Education Master of Advanced Studies (60 ECTS) Diploma of Advanced Studies (30 ECTS) Certificate of Advanced Studies (10 ECTS) Universities of Applied Sciences Universities of Teacher Education Primary and Lower Secondary Education ECTS = European Credit Transfer System

Percentage of age group with qualification required to enter University 13 OECD Education at a Glance 2010

ETH Zurich: Internationalization at Different Levels 34% International MSc students 60%EU 20%Asia 10%Rest of Europe 9%Americas 1%Rest of the world Most prominent countries: Germany, China, India, Turkey, Greece, USA 14% International BSc students mostly from German-speaking EU countries 61% International Ph.D. students 75%EU 13%Asia 6%Rest of Europe 5%America 1%Rest of the world Doctoral studies (3400 students) Primary language: German up to 25% English in 2nd year up to 50% English in 3rd year BSc programs (7000 students) MSc programs (4100 students) 31 MSc in English 7 MSc bi-lingual 2 MSc in German ETH Zurich, 2011

Organisation of ETH Zurich ETH Zurich, 2011 President Rector (Vice-President Education) Vice President Research and Corporate Relations Vice President Human Resources and Infrastructure Vice President Finance and Controlling Executive Board 16 Departments Engineering Sciences Architecture and Building Sciences Natural Sciences and Mathematics System-oriented Natural Sciences Management and Social Sciences Mechanical and Process Engineering Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Biosystems Science and Engineering Computer Science Materials Science Architecture Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Sciences Mathematics Physics Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Biology Earth Sciences Environmental Sciences Agricultural and Food Sciences Management, Technology and Economics Humanities, Social and Political Sciences University Assembly Ombudsmen

Bologna reform at ETH Zurich 16 Engineering Sciences  Computer Science  Electrical Engineering & Information Technology  Materials Science  Mechanical Engineering  Process Engineering  Biomedical Engineering  Computational Biology and Bioinformatics  Energy Science and Technology  Micro and Nanosystems  Nuclear Engineering (with EPFL)  Robotics, Systems and Control Architecture, Construction and Geomatics  Architecture  Civil Engineering  Environmental Engineering  Geomatic Engineering and Planning  Spatial Development and Infrastructure Systems Management and Social Sciences  Public Policy (Armed Forces Officers, BA only)  Management, Technology and Economics  Comparative and International Studies  History and Philosophy of Knowledge Natural Sciences and Mathematics  Mathematics  Physics  Computational Science and Engineering  Biology  Human Movement Sciences and Sport  Chemistry  Chemical and Bioengineering  Biotechnology  Pharmaceutical Sciences  Interdisciplinary Sciences  Applied Mathematics  Statistics  High-Energy Physics (Jointly with École Polytechnique)  Medicinal and Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences  Neural Systems and Computation Earth, Environment, Natural Resources  Earth Sciences  Environmental Sciences  Agricultural Science  Food Science  Atmospheric and Climate Science  Applied Geophysics (Jointly with RWTH Aachen and Delft University of Technology) Bachelor & Master only Master

Student Numbers ETH Zurich 2005–2010 Source: Reporting ETH Zurich: Enrollment Bachelor, Master, Diploma, exchange, visiting, MAS/MBA, and doctoral students Management, Social Sciences, Humanities+376 (62%) System-Oriented Natural Sciences+378 (19%) Natural Sciences and Mathematics+1068 (26%) Engineering+1427 (37%) Architecture and Civil Engineering+1218 (54%) ETH Zurich, 2011

Confronting new challenges: Strategic topics  Energy and Climate Change: Energy, climate, and environmental research  Life and health: Life sciences, medical engineering  Security and Risk: Risk evaluation, technology management, environmental decisions  Future Cities: Mobility, building services engineering, urban planning  Information Society: Information technology, computer science, electrical engineering  New Materials: Materials research, micro and nanotechnology, sensor technology  The Universe: Particle physics, astronomy, aerospace engineering ETH Zurich, 2011

Organisation of ETH Zurich ETH Zurich, 2011 President Rector (Vice-President Education) Vice President Research and Corporate Relations Vice President Human Resources and Infrastructure Vice President Finance and Controlling Executive Board 16 Departments Engineering Sciences Architecture and Building Sciences Natural Sciences and Mathematics System-oriented Natural Sciences Management and Social Sciences Mechanical and Process Engineering Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Biosystems Science and Engineering Computer Science Materials Science Architecture Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Sciences Mathematics Physics Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Biology Earth Sciences Environmental Sciences Agricultural and Food Sciences Management, Technology and Economics Humanities, Social and Political Sciences University Assembly Ombudsmen

Centres of Competence for essential research questions ETH Zurich, 2011 at ETH Zurich Centre for Imaging Science and Technology (CIMST) Energy Science Centre (ESC) Micro and Nanoscience Platform (MNSP) Materials Research Centre (MRC) World Food System Risk Centre North-South Centre at ETH Domain Energy and Mobility (CCEM-CH) Environment and Sustainability (CCES) Materials Science (CCMX) with other institutions Systems Physiology and Metabolic Diseases (CC-SPMD) Plant Science (PSC) Neuroscience (ZNZ) Finance (CCFZ) History of Knowledge (CC-HK) Climate Systems Modeling (C2SM) Teaching and Learning (EducETH)

Autonomy and accountability  Trend towards institutional autonomy  “Objective” funding criteria  Accountability, increasing reporting requirements

Stagnating public funding, increasing third-party funding  Expenditure 2009: million CHF  Third-party funds: 268 million CHF (20%) ETH Zurich, 2011 Origin of third-party funds Millions CHF 17% 83% 20% 80%

 104 new ETH Spin-offs since 2006  88% survive at least 5 years  direct and indirect jobs (since 1998) “Reindustrialisation” of Switzerland 215 spin-off companies founded at ETH Zurich between 1996 and ETH Zurich, 2011

Distinguished partners: examples of co-operations Nanotechnology Facility NETL Partnership involving joint activities on IBM premises in Rüschlikon Disney Research Center Zurich Disney Laboratory within ETH premises Microsoft Innovation Cluster for Embedded Software ICES Joint research programme Enterprise Computing Center Partnership involving framework agreement Building Technologies Partnership involving new professorship and series of innovative research projects Stipendienfonds der Schweiz. Chemischen Industrie Grants for doctoral students in chemistry ETH Zurich, 2010

Partnership with Industry: IBM and ETH Zürich Joint Nanoscale Exploratory Technology Laboratory ETH Zürich and IBM Joint Nanosciences Laboratory to be built by IBM for US$ 60 Mio equipped for CHF 30 Mio (50% ETH, 50% IBM) leased by the ETH Zürich for 10 years jointly operated with a novel IP regulation. First major Public-Private Partnership in Research in Switzerland, and first for IBM worldwide. ETH Zurich, 2010

Rankings important for visibility Traffic drivers on excluding search engines)

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ETH Zurich, 2010