Urban Logistics spaces and regulation tools for improving the last miles COST 355 meeting in Prague, October 2006 Danièle PATIER, Laboratoire dEconomie des Transports

Context of « ELU » programme During the late 1990s, the UDC was considered as the best solution for decreasing the urban goods transport vehicles flows Many experiments were carried out in different European Cities Many UDC projects have not been carried out, or have been postponed after a thorough feasibility study. More than 20 UDC projects have been mentioned in French PDU, since the 1996 Clean Air Act Recently, less expensive and more appropriated solutions Two experiments have been successful: Monaco UDC starting in 1989 and La Rochelle UDC in 2001 Reminder : aims of ELU: a more efficient logistic org. Massification,less v.km.

2000: « ELU » programme Aims : To help for setting up Urban Logistics spaces appropriated to the operator's needs. To explain technical means to create a urban logistic zone Method : 1. Census of actors needs surveys to logisticians, carriers, shippers, large volume distribution, and many others managers 2. Census of technicians and local authorities needs according to their space using problems 3. Dialogue meetings Results : a methodological guide to help public and private decision- makers in realising the adapted solutions

« Urban Logistics Zone » The methodology for the realisation/evaluation of the project 1. Strategic objectives 2. Diagnosis of existing 3. Principal of actions 4. Operationnal setting up 5. Follow up and evaluation Functionnal, economical, environnemental Methodological guide : Mise en œuvre d Espaces Logistiques Urbains, D.BOUDOUIN, CRET

A programme : ELU (Urban logistics area) ZLU : urban logistic zone CDU : urban delivery centre PAV : vehicle reception point PAM : Goods reception point BUL : urban logistic box Source : CRET-Log Methodological guide : Mise en œuvre d Espaces Logistiques Urbains D.BOUDOUIN, CRET

1 - « Urban Logistics Zone »

« Urban Logistics Zone » The brakes for the carrying out political priority for passengers on the railways lines conflict about space using (green) economical The urban land price ( choice ULZ/housing, tertiary activities..) The capital spending for rehabilitate neglected terminal Railways connection The cost for linking the suburbs adjacent to Paris railways network The cost for new logistics re organisation for the firms

Curent organisation Marchandises Générales Combs la Ville Boisson Sans Alcool Villeneuve Saint Georges Plate-Forme Thiais Pal /an Pal/ an Livraisons directes SUD IdF

General goods PF (30km) Without alcool beverage PF Consolidation PF Pal /year Pal/ year Direct deliveries SUD IdF

Without alcool beverage PF Consolidation PF in Paris General goods PF (30km) Planed organisation

Evolution of the project SCENARIO 1 – Pal –60 magasins –20 wagons/j SCENARIO 2 – Pal –92 magasins –30 wagons/j SCENARIO 1 – Pal –60 magasins –20 wagons/j SCENARIO 2 – Pal –92 magasins –30 wagons/j

2 - La Rochelle UDC Carried out under public initiative and private management aims : environmental in La Rochelle UDC concerns the historical centre in La Rochelle Regulation few strict, weak control ELCIDIS European project ( ) + partnership : CCI, Bordeaux urban community/Ministry of Transport high environmental performance (electric vans) 61 % energy consumption saving, 63 % SO2, 61 % CO2 equivalent (Kg/year) 61 % sound nuisance

La Rochelle 2006 UDC How to succeed for the long term ? Financial terms : End of the UE programme in 2004, Only Town community subsidies Technical terms : In addition to the 6 little electric Kangoo, one 3.5 T.electric van permits the transport of pallets No reduction of exemptions (regulation), lack of controls Economic terms : New additional services proposed No extension of the perimeter, no increase of nb of parcels New organisation

La Rochelle 2006 UDC How to evaluate the experiment 5 year after the setting up ? A lack of previous observation before the starting, (no market research with economic forecasting for the operator) A lack of continuous observation A lack of comparable data with other experiments T.km, vehicle.km nb of parcels (La Rochelle), nb of stops (ELP Bordeaux), nb deliveries (UGM surveys)… costs : global cost, subsidies, external costs ? Taking into account the global logistics organisation and the profitability for the UDC manager

Arrival of parcel Handing in Customer alert Scan id customer Opening code collecting 3 - PAM : Goods reception point Consignity 2006 PPP : 3 parking administrators Mayor of Paris ANVAR, PREDIT, ADEME F Social European Actors : Lifts Firm Schindler (SAV, repairing) DHL Consignity DARTY ( current) Functionning : a few m² in a underground Parking + video surveillance delivery from Schindler PF before 7 a.m. Collecting by technician at any time (200 in Paris/day) 4 /parcel

PAM : Goods reception point : Consignity The 10 first setting up, a need of 200 to 300 for the After sale service firms

Conclusion: The keys for the success ? 1. Consignity respects the procedure advocated in the ELU programme (5 steps) 2. A large market, a viability assured 3. An evaluation of the current organisation, 4. PPP 5. A running committee