Manipulation of the Immune Response Chapter 14

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Transplant Immunobiology
Advertisements

Lecture outline Types of hypersensitivity reactions
Topics 6&11 Defence against infectious disease cont’d.
José Pedro Lopes Exhausted CD3 CD8 TCR TIM3 1B11 LAG3 Generated in chronic antigen- mediated TCR stimulation. Express inhibitory receptors and lack effector.
Chapter 43 Notes The Body’s Defenses. Nonspecific Defenses Against Infection The skin and mucous membranes provide first-line barriers to infection -skin.
Autoimmunity and Tolerance Chris Lancaster, Emily Mathews, Jake Turner Questions:
Ch. 43 The Immune System.
Lecture outline Signals for T cell activation
Lecture outline Types of hypersensitivity
Transplantation MCB150 Beatty
Immunotherapy K J. Goodrum Immunotherapies Vaccines (toxoid, attenuated live, killed cell vaccines, subcellular, DNA, peptide) Adjuvants (nonspecific.
Exam Format 100 points - 60 pts mandatory; 40 points where 4, 10 point questions will be chosen Some open-ended questions, some short answer. Kuby question.
T cell-mediated immunity Chapter 8
Introduction to Autoimmunity Alon Monsonego, Ph.D. The department of Microbiology and Immunology Tel:
Immunology BIT 120 Chapters 11. Immunity Ability of body to defend against infectious agents, foreign cells, abnormal cells Antigen: foreign substance/molecule.
Signals for T cell activation Costimulation and the B7:CD28 family
Immune System Disorders What is an allergy anyway?
Immune dysfunction & its consequences
Tolerance & Autoimmunity
R HEUMATOID A RTHRITIS BMJ 2011;342: RA is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease with localised and general manifestations. It is characterised.
DIAGNOSTIC IMMUNOLOGY
General classes of vaccines An induced mobilization of the immune response for the purpose of therapeutic benefit. Preventative: infectious agents Therapeutic:
Chapter 11 Practical Applications of Immunology. Vaccine History Variolation: Inoculation of smallpox into skin (18th century). Vaccination: Inoculation.
18-1 Important terms: Hypersensitivity – immune responses that causes tissue damage Autoimmune disease – immune responses to self-antigens Immunodeficiency.
Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the host
Autoimmunity Immune system has evolved to discriminate between self and non-self or discriminate between safe and dangerous signalsImmune system has evolved.
Immunotherapy Ivo Minárik, Immunotherapy 2 Suppress immune response Suppress immune response Encourage immune response Encourage immune response.
Bellwork Discuss with your group what you think is happening in the following processes. Why does your body undergo an allergic reaction? Why do some.
IMMUNE SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Part B Autoimmune Diseases Part B Autoimmune Diseases Effector mechanisms of autoimmune disease Endocrine glands as special targets.
AUTOIMMUNITY. Self/Non-self Discrimination Autoimmunity is a problem of self/non-self discrimination.
Prostaglandin, Leukotriene, and Thromboxane Synthesis Eric Niederhoffer SIU-SOM Linoleic acid Thromboxane A 2 synthase Lipoxygenase Arachidonic acid Prostaglandin.
Concept of Immune Regulation Immune responses are tightly regulated complex interaction of cells & mediators, and by mechanisms to prevent anti-self reactivityImmune.
___________DEFENSES of the HOST: THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Prostaglandin, Leukotriene, and Thromboxane Synthesis Eric Niederhoffer SIU-SOM Pathway overview Prostaglandin receptors Pathway details Differential actions.
Dr.B.V.Venkataraman Professor in Pharmacology International Medical School Faculti Perubatan, New BEL Rd Bangalore Drugs.
 Involves specificity & memory, increases effectiveness with each exposure to an antigen  Antigens: Substances that stiumulate adaptive immunity responses.
Transplantation of Tissues and Organs
Lecture 6 clinical immunology Cytokines
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Christine L. Case Microbiology.
Immunological tolerance and immune regulation -- 1
T Cells Lacey Jeong. What is a T Cell?? Thymus cell – produced and processed by the thymus gland Lymphocyte (white blood cell) – protect body from infection.
Dr. Aneela javed IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY (BPH-375) Credit Hrs 3(2-1)
Tolerance and Autoimmunity
Immunotherapy. Definition The approach to balance or intervene the immunologic function in order to fight against the disease by the principle of immunology.
Manipulation of the Immune Response
Chapter 43 Warm-Up Define the following terms:
Chapter 43 The Immune System.
Unit 4 Immunology & Public Health
Immunological tolerance and immune regulation -- 1
Activation of T Lymphocytes
Figure 43.1 An overview of the body's defenses
Autoimmune diseases Ch. 4 p (99 – 159) March 7 /2016 March
Immunology Lecture 4 Development of B and T lymphocytes
CHAPTER 24 The Immune System
Immune system-Acquired/Adaptive immunity
Transplantation David Straus, Ph.D. Objectives
Unit 4 - Immunology and Public Health
Chapter 43 Notes The Body’s Defenses.
Chapter 46 Immunopharmacology.
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Barriers Pathogens and antigens Immune system cells
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM HOW DO ANIMALS PROTECT THEIR BODIES AGAINST INVASION? Refer to pg in Holtzclaw Ch 43 in Campbell and media resources.
Tumor Immunology Ali Al Khader, MD Faculty of Medicine
Immunogens and Antigens
The body’s defenders.
Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. doi: /nrgastro
Immunology Dr. Refif S. Al-Shawk
Tumor Immunology Ali Al Khader, MD Faculty of Medicine
Immunology Immunity Specificity Memory Tolerance.
Presentation transcript:

Manipulation of the Immune Response Chapter 14

Objectives Discuss modes of action of common immunosuppressive drugs Describe uses of monoclonal antibodies in immune disorders and cancer Explain how anti-tumor immune responses are generated Describe characteristics of an effective vaccine

Anti-inflammatory drugs: NSAIDs phospholipids phospholipase A 2 arachidonic acid cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-1 or -2 prostaglandins thromboxane leukotrienes lipoxygenase x NSAIDs  inflammation

Anti-inflammatory drugs: steroids Corticosteroids are powerful anti- inflammatory drugs –Prednisone (cortisol analogue) –Used in transplantation, autoimmunity, allergy –Activated steroid receptors act as transcription factors

Anti-inflammatory drugs: steroids

Corticosteroid physiology Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cortisol STRESS + +

Corticosteroid physiology from P. Stewart, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 2003 Many side effects are possible Used in combination with other drugs to limit toxicity

Cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs Azathioprine, cyclophospamide –Interfere with DNA synthesis –High doses used to eliminate all lymphocytes prior to bone marrow transplantation –Originally developed to treat cancer Cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, rapamycin –Less toxic –Interfere with clonal expansion of activated lymphocytes –Used in transplant recipients

Cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs

Halloran P. New England Journal of Medicine 351: , Immunosuppression

Antibodies as therapeutics Monoclonal antibodies are used for transplantation, autoimmunity, cancer –Depleting (antibody- mediated cytotoxicity) –Nondepleting (block function of target molecules) –Monoclonal antibodies are traditionally made in mice… problems??? Murine 100% Mouse Protein Chimeric 33% Mouse Protein Humanized 10% Mouse Protein

Anti-CD4 Ab and graft tolerance

Anti-TNF  Ab in autoimmune disease

Anti-integrin Ab in multiple sclerosis

Immunomodulation Interfere with costimulation –Soluble CTLA-4 blocks CD28 : B7 interactions Induce regulatory T cells or tolerance??

Cancer immunology

Escape from immune surveillance

mAbs and cancer

Fighting infectious disease: vaccines

Vaccines Antigen sources: –Small doses of the wild type virus or use of a “safe” counterpart (early smallpox vaccines) –Killed/inactivated pathogen –Toxoid –Viral subunits –Live attenuated virus

Making a vaccine

Making a vaccine using molecular biology

DNA vaccines

Other vaccine development strategies Developing better adjuvants –ISCOMs (Immune Stimulatory Complexes) deliver peptides to MHC I processing pathway –Mucosal adjuvants (modified pertussis toxin) Targeting APCs by coadministration of cytokines Developing nasal or oral vaccines

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.