1 Chapter 3Atoms and Elements 3.2 Elements and Symbols Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

2 Elements are pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary laboratory processes. the building blocks of matter. gold carbon aluminum Elements Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3 Sources of Some Element Names Some elements are named for planets, mythological figures, minerals, colors, scientists, and places.

4 A symbol represents the name of an element. consists of 1 or 2 letters. starts with a capital letter. 1-Letter Symbols 2-Letter Symbols C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Al aluminum O oxygen Mg magnesium Symbols of Elements

5 Several symbols are derived from Latin names as shown below. Cu, copper (cuprum) Au, gold (aurum) Fe, iron (ferrum) Ag, silver (argentum) Symbols from Latin Names Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6 Physical Properties of Elements The physical properties of an element are observed or measured without changing its identity. include the following: Shape Density ColorMelting point Odor and taste Boiling Point

7 Physical Properties of Elements Some physical properties of copper are: ColorRed-orange LusterVery shiny Melting point1083°C Boiling point2567°C Conduction of electricityExcellent Conduction of heatExcellent

8 Select the correct symbol for each. A. Calcium 1) C2) Ca3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S2) Sl3) Su C. Iron 1) Ir2) FE3) Fe Learning Check

9 Select the correct symbol for each. A. Calcium 2) Ca B. Sulfur 1) S C. Iron 3) Fe Solution

10 Select the correct name for each symbol. A. N 1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium 2) phlogiston3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver 2) agean3) gold Learning Check

11 Select the correct name for each: A. N 2) nitrogen B. P 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver Solution