Note Guide 8-6 –The gas laws --Increasing pressure affects the volume of a contained gas --How? As pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases and vice versa (if temp is constant, remember) Boyle’s law: Pressure and Volume= for a given mass of gas at a constant temp, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure --mathematical expression of Boyle’s law: P 1 x V 1 = P 2 x V 2 --in an inverse relationship, the product of the two variable quantities is constant. Huh? --the product of pressure and volume at any 2 sets of pressure and volume conditions is always constant at a given temp

--graph of inverse relationship always a curve

Pg. 418 Figure 14.8 Interpreting graphs a.When the volume is 2.0 L, what is the pressure? _____ b.What would the pressure be if the volume were increased to 3.0 L (estimate)? _______ c.Based on the shape of the graph, describe the general pressure-volume relationship. Ans: Sample problem 14.1 pg 419

Charles’s Law: Temp and Volume --as the temp of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases, if the pressure is constant --volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temp IF the pressure is kept constant. --V 1 / T 1 = V 2 / T 2 --ratio of the variables is always a constant in a direct relationship

--graph is always a straight line (because relationship is proportional)

--Sample problem 14.2 pg. 421 Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temp -as the temp of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases IF the volume is constant --pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temp if the volume remains constant --P 1 / T 1 = P 2 / T 2 Sample problem 14.3 page 423