J-ToBi Jennifer J. Venditti Presentation by James Rishe
Japanese ToBI for use with Tokyo Japanese consistent with design principles of English ToBI only one accent tone focus on location of tones, and phrase boundaries five tiers: tones, words, break indices, finality, miscellaneous
Word representation
H*+L
Japanese has lexical accent When a word is accented, place H*+L on the accented syllable. If the accent is early or late, place > on the early accent or < on the late accent, and mark H*+L where it should be.
Late Accent
Phrasal H-
Boundary Tones Final L% and wL% Initial %L and %wL Final H%
Final L% and wL% Occur at end of accentual phrases wL% used when following phrase (without pause) is initially accented or begins with a long syllable) wL% indicates that the L% was not able to be fully realized and is undershot
Initial %L and %wL Occur at the beginning of utterance or post-pausal medial phrases %wL used when phrase begins with an accented mora or a long syllable
%wL
Final H%
Ambiguous H%
Final HL%
Accent Uncertainty (*?)
4 degrees of break indices 0 very small disjuncture 1 consecutive words 2 medium disjuncture 3 strong disjuncture between adjacent words or between a word and silence m mismatch - uncertainty p disfluencies
Finality tier Occurs on break index 3 Finality related phenomena: final F0 lowering, segmental lengthening, creaky voice, amplitude lowering, long pauses, stylized “finality” contours
Finality