Children have to develop observation skills in order to compare the size of an object with its shadow; Children must realize and understand that objects can have different shadows according to the angle that the sun hits the object; Children observe that if objects are in a certain proportion, then their shadows are in the same proportion; Children observe that the distance from the light source to the object may cause parallel lines on the object to become non parallel lines in the shadow.

Take children to the classroom and tell them to manipulate different objects and to see the effect on their shadows; Try to relate the results with real life situations; Teacher ask one child to stand in front of the source of light. The child’s partner lays down a piece of paper and traces their shadow. Then, the children compare their shadow to their own body; Discuss the results.

Put a stick in a flower pot in the morning. Put the stick through the A3 card. Set up a video camera and record the activity. At the end of the day watch the video and observe and discuss the results.

In the morning, midday and in the afternoon children are asked to go outside. Next the children will trace each other’s shadows on the ground. At the end of the day, the children observe and discuss the 3 different shadows.

Children are brought outside. The teacher holds a square frame at a variety of angles. The children use a ruler to show that the sides on square’s shadow are also parallel. The children do the same inside with an artificial light; The children observe and discuss the difference between the two observations.

Children are brought outside. They hold up the two types of sticks and trace the shadow on the ground with some chalk. The children measure the shadows and record the results. The children aren’t told that the shadows are in proportion and must provide their own conclusions.