Performance Management and Employee Development: Overview Personal Developmental Plans Personal Developmental Plans Direct Supervisor’s Role Direct Supervisor’s Role 360-degree Feedback Systems 360-degree Feedback Systems

Stakeholders in the Development Process Employees Employees Help plan their own developmentHelp plan their own development Improve their own performanceImprove their own performance Managers Managers Help guide the process of developmentHelp guide the process of development Support success of processSupport success of process

Personal Developmental Plans Specify actions necessary to improve performance Specify actions necessary to improve performance Highlight employee’s Highlight employee’s StrengthsStrengths Areas in need of developmentAreas in need of development

Personal Developmental Plans answer: How can I continuously learn and grow in the next year? How can I continuously learn and grow in the next year? How can I do better in the future? How can I do better in the future? How can I avoid performance problems of the past? How can I avoid performance problems of the past?

Personal Developmental Plans: Overview Developmental Plan Objectives Developmental Plan Objectives Content of Developmental Plan Content of Developmental Plan Developmental Activities Developmental Activities

Overall Developmental Plan Objectives Encourage: Encourage: Continuous learningContinuous learning Performance improvementPerformance improvement Personal growthPersonal growth

Specific Developmental Plan Objectives Improve performance in current job Improve performance in current job Sustain performance in current job Sustain performance in current job Prepare employee for advancement Prepare employee for advancement Enrich employee’s work experience Enrich employee’s work experience

Content of Developmental Plan 1. Developmental objectives New skills or knowledgeNew skills or knowledge TimelineTimeline 2. How the new skills or knowledge will be acquired ResourcesResources StrategiesStrategies

Content of Developmental Plan 3. Standards and measures used to assess achievement of objectives 4. Based on needs of organization and employee

Content of Developmental Plan (continued) 5. Chosen by employee and direct supervisor 6. Taking into account Employee’s learning preferencesEmployee’s learning preferences Developmental objective in questionDevelopmental objective in question Organization’s available resourcesOrganization’s available resources

Developmental Activities ‘On the job’ On-the-job-training On-the-job-training Mentoring Mentoring Job rotation Job rotation Temporary assignments Temporary assignments

Developmental Activities In addition to ‘on the job’ Courses Courses Self-guided reading Self-guided reading Getting a degree Getting a degree Attending a conference Attending a conference Membership or leadership role Membership or leadership role in professional or trade organizationin professional or trade organization

Direct Supervisor’s Role: Explain what is necessary Explain what is necessary Refer employee to appropriate developmental activities Refer employee to appropriate developmental activities Review & make suggestions regarding developmental objectives Review & make suggestions regarding developmental objectives

Direct Supervisor’s Role (ongoing): Check on employee’s progress Check on employee’s progress Provide motivational reinforcement Provide motivational reinforcement

360-degree Feedback Systems Tools to help employees improve performance by using performance information gathered from many sources Superiors Superiors Peers Peers Customers Customers Subordinates Subordinates The employee The employee

360-degree Feedback Systems Anonymous feedback Anonymous feedback Most useful when used Most useful when used For DEVELOPMENTFor DEVELOPMENT NOT for administrative purposesNOT for administrative purposes Internet used for collecting data Internet used for collecting data

Necessary organizational norms include: Cooperation Cooperation Openness and trust Openness and trust Input and participation valued Input and participation valued Fairness Fairness

Overview of 360-degree Feedback Systems Advantages of 360-degree Feedback Systems Advantages of 360-degree Feedback Systems Risks of 360-degree Feedback Systems Risks of 360-degree Feedback Systems Characteristics of a Good 360- degree Feedback System Characteristics of a Good 360- degree Feedback System

Advantages of 360-degree Feedback Systems Decreased possibility of biases Decreased possibility of biases Increased awareness of expectations Increased awareness of expectations Increased commitment to improve Increased commitment to improve Improved self-perception of performance Improved self-perception of performance Improved performance Improved performance Reduction of ‘undiscussables’ Reduction of ‘undiscussables’ Increased employee control of their own careers Increased employee control of their own careers

Risks of 360-degree Feedback Systems Unconstructive negative feedback hurts. Unconstructive negative feedback hurts. Are individuals comfortable with the system? (User acceptance is crucial.) Are individuals comfortable with the system? (User acceptance is crucial.) If few raters, anonymity is compromised. If few raters, anonymity is compromised. Raters may become overloaded. Raters may become overloaded. Stock values may drop. Stock values may drop.

Characteristics of a Good 360-degree Feedback System Anonymity Anonymity Observation of employee performance Observation of employee performance Avoidance of survey fatigue Avoidance of survey fatigue Raters are trained Raters are trained

Characteristics of a Good 360-degree Feedback System Used for developmental purposes only Used for developmental purposes only Emphasis on behaviors Emphasis on behaviors Raters go beyond ratings Raters go beyond ratings Feedback interpretation Feedback interpretation Follow-up Follow-up

Personal Developmental Plans Personal Developmental Plans Direct Supervisor’s Role Direct Supervisor’s Role 360-degree Feedback Systems 360-degree Feedback Systems Quick Review