Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Errors with Constants, Variables, and Reliance on NL Errors with Specialization, Generalization, and Rules Other Errors Errors.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Warmup: Concept: PS-1.5 Dimensional analysis. 1.In the SI (metric) system, what is the unit of mass? 2. In the SI (metric) system, what is the unit of.

Advertisements

Brain Teaser How can the numbers be arranged to equal 3?

Measurement Scientific Notation Significant Digits Scientific Method Units and Prefixes.

Scientific Method.

Metric Conversions Ladder Method

1 Chapter 1Measurements 1.4 Prefixes and Equalities Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Why use logic? CycL Syntax Collections and Individuals (#$isa and #$genls) Microtheories Foundations of Knowledge Representation.

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Errors with Constants, Variables, and Reliance on NL Errors with Specialization, Generalization, and Rules Other Errors Errors.

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Why use logic? CycL Syntax Collections and Individuals (#$isa and #$genls) Microtheories Foundations of Knowledge Representation.

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp The Basics Arity Argument Types Second-Order Predicates More on Functions Predicates and Denotational Functions.

Jeopardy Measure that object! What Unit? Conversion Corner Metric Mania Abbreviation Madness Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q.

The Metric System of Measurement. *Information The metric system of measurement is based on the number “ten” (10). We, the United States, use the English.

You don’t really think I can do this??

Metric Units of Length, Mass, and Capacity

You don’t really think I can do this??

Metric System Review. Metric System-universal system of measurement developed in France near the end of the 18 th century. Used in scientific work universally.

Conversions 8 th Grade Math. Linear Measurement 1 foot (ft)= 12 inches (in) 1 yard (yd) = 3 ft 1 yd = 36 in 1 mile = 5280 ft 1 mile = 1760 yd 1 mile =

Measurement & Uncertainty

Metric Measurement Lab 2.

Metric Measurements Portola Middle School 8 th Grade Physical Science Mr. Schmidt.

Metric System Length.

Notes Over 2.6 Metric Measurements The following chart can be used to convert from one metric unit to another. Example kilohectodekaBASEdecicentimilli.

Metric System Scientific Measurements copyright cmassengale.

The Metric System Is used in nearly every country around the world. The United States of America doesn’t use the metric system for it’s primary measurement.

Unit 1 Lecture Chapter 1 and 2. Units Worldwide we use the metric system to measure Distance in meters Mass in grams Time in seconds Volume in liters.

1 Chapter 1Measurements 1.5 Prefixes and Equalities Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Prefixes and Equalities

Metric System – Things to Remember

The Metric System Do you want a footer?.

Length: distance between two points meter (m) Mass: how much matter something has gram (g) Volume: how much space something takes up liter (L) Temperature:

The Metric System of Measurement: Meters, Liters & Kilograms.

Metrics & Equipment Chapter One Metrics & Equipment Mrs. Wolfe.

Metric System Basics.

Key Words.  In Canada, we use two systems of measurement:  1. Imperial System  2. System of International Units  e.com/watch?v=DQ.

Metric Units of Length, Mass, and Capacity. The Metric System The metric system of measurement is a decimal system that uses prefixes to relate the sizes.

Metric Conversion Notes Name: ____________________.

Section 2 Units of Measurement Chapter 2 Base Units & Prefixes.

TOPIC: AIM: Explain the purpose of a universal remote control. The purpose of a universal remote control is_____________________ ______________________.

The Metric System A simple way to measure. What is it??? A system of measurement based on multiples of

Metric System Conversions. Metric Ladder Metric System Now let’s start from kilometers and convert to millimeters 4 kilometers = millimeters.

Observing & Inferring. Observation: using the 5 senses to gather information (see, touch, smell, hear or taste) Inference: Making an interpretation based.

Metric System Basics. Metric System The metric system is based on a base unit that corresponds to a certain kind of measurement Length = meter Volume.

Measuring Matter Vocabulary 1.Matter 2.Mass 3.Volume 4.Meter 5.Liter 6.Gram 7.Kilo 8.Centi 9.Milli.

Look along on your Conversion Factor sheet. Metric System Review.

Measurement is used to measure quantities

Measuring in Metric Units

Brain Teaser How can the numbers be arranged to equal 3?

Metric System Basics.

Metric Units of Length, Mass, and Volume

POWERS OF TEN “power of 10 ” scientific notation:

Bell Ringer Finish the M & M Lab.

The Metric System A simple way to measure.

Metric System Basics.

Prefixes and Equalities

Convert 3.52 kilograms (kg) to grams (g) using the prefix line.

Physics Unit Introduction to Motion

Metric Conversions Ladder Method

The Metric System Objective 5-4: SWBAT convert between metric units.

Measurements 9/15/10.

Metric System Basics.

Metric System Basics.

Metric System Basics.

Metric Conversion Challenge

Metric Units of Length, Mass, and Capacity

What number is the metric system based on?

…using dimensional analysis

Metric Prefixes and Conversions

Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Errors with Constants, Variables, and Reliance on NL Errors with Specialization, Generalization, and Rules Other Errors Errors in Representing Knowledge

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp #$equiv usually isn’t Is it? (#$equiv (#$and (#$parents ?PERSON ?PARENT) (#$brothers ?PARENT ?UNCLE)) (#$uncles ?PERSON ?UNCLE)) Better to use implies twice, and convince yourself that both directions really hold.

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Definable Collections E.g., #$WhiteCat Completely definable in terms of other constants; nothing new to say. Anytime one wishes to write (#$isa ?X #$WhiteCat) one could write this instead: (#$and (#$isa ?X #$Cat) (#$mainColorOfObject ?X #$WhiteColor)

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Tedious Hand-Reification E.g., #$Kilometer, #$Kilogram, #$Kiloliter ( #$Centimeter, #$Millimeter, #$Nanometer, etc) What must we say about, e.g., Kilogram? (#$isa #$Kilogram #$UnitOfMeasure) (#$resultIsa #$Kilogram #$Mass) (#$unitMultiplicationFactor #$Kilogram #$Gram 1000)

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Avoiding Tedious Hand-Reification Better: Constant : MetricUnitPrefix isa : RelationshipType genls : ReifiableFunction UnaryFunction Constant : Kilo isa : MetricUnitPrefix arg1Isa : UnitOfMeasureNoPrefix resultIsa : UnitOfMeasureWithPrefix E.g., 1km = ((#$Kilo #$Meter) 1)

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Avoiding Tedious Hand-Reification Now rules can enforce consistent definitions: (#$unitMultiplicationFactor (#$Kilo ?UNIT) ?UNIT 1000) (#$implies (#$and (#$isa ?PREFIX #$MetricUnitPrefix) (#$natFunction ?METRIC-UOM ?PREFIX) (#$resultIsa ?UOM ?COL) (#$natArgument ?METRIC-UOM 1 ?UOM)) (#$resultIsa ?METRIC-UOM ?COL)) Therefore, (#$unitMultiplicationFactor (#$Kilo #$Meter) #$Meter 1000) (#$resultIsa (#$Kilo #$Meter) #$Distance)

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Gratuitous High-arity Predicates: Lumping independent properties together Bad: (#$inventionInfo #$Telephone #$AlexanderGrahamBell (#$YearFn 1876)) State independently instead: (#$inventors #$Telephone #$AlexanderGrahamBell) (#$inventionDate #$Telephone (#$YearFn 1876))

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Gratuitous High-arity Predicates: Hiding concepts inside assertions Bad: (#$teamLineup #$DallasCowboys-1998 #$TroyAikman #$EmmittSmith #$MichaelErvin...) Reify the positions: (#$hasPositionIn #$TroyAikman #$DallasCowboys-1998 #$Quarterback) (#$hasPositionIn #$EmmittSmith #$DallasCowboys-1998 #$RunningBack)...

Copyright © 2002 Cycorp Summary #$equiv usually isn’t Definable Collections Tedious Hand-Reification Gratuitous High-arity Predicates –Lumping independent properties together –Hiding concepts inside assertions