Nanotechnology By: Razia A. Faiza S. Wyshnavy Y.

What is Nanotechnology?  Basic Definition: Technology of building or creating products such as electronic circuits from single atoms and molecules Deals with the making of materials by molecular self assemblyDeals with the making of materials by molecular self assembly Rearranging atoms to get:Rearranging atoms to get:  Manufactured products:  made from atoms  Properties of products:  depends on how atoms are arranged For instance, if we rearrange the atoms of coal, we can make diamond if we rearrange the atoms in dirt water or air, we can end up with potatoes!

Nanotechnology in the future In the future nanotechnology can: 1. Easily move and put atoms together 2. Be accomplished inexpensively 3. Be accomplished with help by the laws of physics 4. Help us make products more cleaner, stronger, lighter and more precise

How can Nanotechnology help us? How can Nanotechnology help us? Nanotechnology will help us : 1. Develop new manufacturing technology 2. Help us build computer systems inexpensively with mole quantities

What will nanotechnology assure? What will nanotechnology assure? Nanotechnology will assure that : 1. Every atom is in the right place 2. Make almost all products with the help of laws of physics 3. Manufacturing prices will not go higher than the price at which the raw materials were bought for

Applications Applications  Improved products  rely on change in physical properties  Nanoparticles  take advantage of increased surface area over volume ratio  strongly change the mechanical properties of material (e.g. makes it light and increases stability) (e.g. makes it light and increases stability)

Medicine Medicine With the help of Nanoparticles, which are the size of molecules, drugs can directly be delivered to diseased cells in the body  Drug delivery  Iron nanoparticles or gold shells can be used to treat cancer  Tissue engineering  Nanotechnology can help reproduce and repair damaged tissue

Energy Energy Nanotechnology helps reduce waste and materials and enhances renewable energy resources  Recycling of Batteries  Batteries have low energy density and it also needs recharging  Can lead to disposal problems  Nanomaterials can be used to help increase higher rate of recharging and energy of batteries  This is essential for disposal problems

Safety Concerns exist about the possible impacts of manufactured nanoparticles and nanotubes that are free to move aroundConcerns exist about the possible impacts of manufactured nanoparticles and nanotubes that are free to move around  Free nanoparticles could be inhaled or enter the body through the skin, and cause damage to cells  Nanoparticles can affect plants and animals by entering the food chain  Nanotubes, when inhaled, can cause respiratory problems Small sensors can be used to spy on peopleSmall sensors can be used to spy on people

Ethical Issues It is right because: 1. It will make world a better place 2. It is likely to reduce other ethical issues (e.g., constructing cells rather than getting them from reproduction) 3. It will give us more “god-like” powers It is wrong because: 1. It will give us more “god-like” powers 2. It may lead to undetectable surveillance; right to privacy could be at risk

Branches of Sciences Branches of sciences needed to study this technology are: Materials scienceMaterials science  applied physics and chemistry, as well as chemical, mechanical, civil and electrical engineering Natural scienceNatural science  nanotechnology, physics, chemistry, astronomy, molecular biology and math Computer scienceComputer science  the science of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems

Universities Universities that provide this course are: Universities in our area: 1. University of Toronto - Bachelor of Science in Engineering Science with Nanotechnology 2. University of Waterloo - Bachelor of Applied Science degree in Nanotechnology Engineering program as well as nanotechnology research in campus. Universities out of our area: 1. City University of New York - offers a Ph.D. in Nanotechnology. 2. University of Washington - Ph.D. in Nanotechnology

Career Opportunities Career opportunities exist in areas such as: Auto and aerospace industriesAuto and aerospace industries Sports equipmentSports equipment BiotechnologyBiotechnology Medical fieldsMedical fields OptoelectronicsOptoelectronics Environmental monitoring and controlEnvironmental monitoring and control Food scienceFood science University lab researchUniversity lab research

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