HTM 304 Management Information Systems Field Study : Basics of Hardware and Software Daniel Olsson Brett Colbert Kathy Lu John Lieu Chris Ratigan Instructor : Fang Fang Central Processing EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Central Processing Definitions : A motherboard is the central or primary circuit board making up a complex electronic system, such as a modern computer. It is also known as a mainboard, baseboard, system board, or, on Apple computers, a logic board, and is sometimes abbreviated as mobo. [1] A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply processor, is the component in a digital computer capable of executing a program.(Knott 1974) It interprets computer program instructions and processes data. CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the necessary components found in computers of any era, along with primary storage and input/output facilities. Computer storage, computer memory, and often casually memory refer to computer components, devices and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time. Computer storage provides one of the core functions of the modern computer, that of information retention. It is one of the fundamental components of all modern computers, and coupled with a central processing unit (CPU), implements the basic Von Neumann computer model used since the 1940s. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Central Processing Time Line The first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Central Processing Time Line The first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Central Processing Time Line Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions The first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced.. The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced.

Central Processing Time Line EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions IBM introduces the IBM PC. Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs found Apple Computer. The first computer to use integrated circuits, the IBM 360, is announced.. The first microcomputer, the Altair, is introduced.

Central Processing Time Line EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions Compaq released their IBM PC compatible Compaq Portable. IBM XT released, similar to the original IBM PC but with a hard drive. Motorola released the processor. First optical chip developed, it uses light instead of electricity to increase processing speed.

Central Processing The Backbone… EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Central Processing The Memory… EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

The Brains Intel P4 Processor Intel 4004 Processor, the first microprocessor. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Motherboard Chip set: A motherboard's chip set performs such vital functions as routing data from hard drive to memory to CPU, and making sure all your peripherals and expansion cards can talk to the CPU and one another. Manufacturers base motherboards around the chip sets, adding features like RAID controllers and FireWire ports to differentiate their board EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Motherboard (cont) The motherboard's main job is to hold the computer's microprocessor chip and let everything else connect to it. Everything that runs the computer or enhances its performance is either part of the motherboard or plugs into it via a slot or port. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

The form factor is just one of the many standards that apply to motherboards. Some of the other standards include: The socket for the microprocessor determines what kind of Central Processing Unit (CPU) the motherboard uses.Central Processing Unit The chipset is part of the motherboard's logic system and is usually made of two parts -- the northbridge and the southbridge. These two "bridges" connect the CPU to other parts of the computer. The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) chip controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on.Basic Input/Output System EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

The slots and ports found on a motherboard include: Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)- connections for video, sound and video capture cards, as well as network cards.Peripheral Component Interconnect Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) - dedicated port for video cards.Accelerated Graphics Port Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) - interfaces for the hard drivesIntegrated Drive Electronics Universal Serial Bus or FireWire - external peripheralsUniversal Serial BusFireWire Memory slotsMemory EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Sockets and CPUs The faster the processor, the faster the computer can think. Processor fits in with inserting the CPU’s pins into the motherboard. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Chipsets The chipset is the "glue" that connects the microprocessor to the rest of the motherboard and therefore to the rest of the computer. On a PC, it consists of two basic parts -- the northbridge and the southbridge. The northbridge connects directly to the processor via the front side bus (FSB). A memory controller is located on the northbridge, which gives the CPU fast access to the memory.memory The southbridge is slower than the northbridge, and information from the CPU has to go through the northbridge before reaching the southbridge. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

RAM The speed of the RAM connection directly controls how fast the computer can access instructions and data, and therefore has a big effect on system performance.RAM RAM makes up the bulk of a computer's memory. The general rule of thumb is the more RAM the computer has, the better. Much of the memory available today is dual data rate (DDR) memory. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

Computer Hardware Apple Inc. Dell Inc. Hewlett Packard Company

Apple Inc. Founded: California April 1, 1976 Headquarters: Cupertino, California Industry: computer hardware, software, electronics Revenue: $19.3 Billion Website:

Apple Products Mac mini iMac: Mac Pro MacBook MacBook Pro

Apple Hardware Standard Features Intel x86 processor 1GB RAM Graphic Processor: ATI Vidia, GeForce or Intel GMA graphics Combo Drive: DVD player & burner in one 2 standard date transfer ports: USB iMac & FireWire: technology support higher performance devices

MacBook Pro Processor: 2.2 & 2.4 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo (64 bit) Memory: 2 memory slots up to 2GB Display: 15.4 inch Viewable FTF widescreen with 1440x 900 pixel Hard drive: 120GB or 160 GB Serial ATA Battery: 60 watt hour lithium ion Ethernet: Built in 10/100/1000 GB Price: 1, ,950.00

Dell Inc Founded: Austin Texas November 4, 1984 Headquarters: Round Rock, Texas Industry: Computer hardware Revenue: $ Billion Website:

Dell Products Desktops Servers Notebooks Peripherals Printers

Dell Standard Features Modem: Download speed 56kbps and upload 33.6 Kbps. Network interface card: high speed internet using broadband 6 month AOL or EarthLink Operating system & productivity software McAfee: internet security Limited warranty: 24/7 phone & online support and home

Inspiron Intel core 2 Duo dual core processor Window vista 1.6,1.73,1.86,2.13,2.26 GH Intel Pentium Processor 17” wide screen (1440x900 resolution DDR2: memory Upgrade starts with nVidia GeForce Go 6800 Video card 7200 RPM hard drive Pentium M: 1.6 GH speed Price: 1, ,109.00

Hewlett Packard Company Founded: Palo Alto, California Headquarters: Palo Alto, California Industry: Computer system, peripherals, software, consulting Revenue: $9.7 Billion Website:

Hewlett Packard Products Computer hardware Computer monitors Printers Scanners Servers Cameras Calculator

HP Compaq Processor: Intel Core Duo or Intel Core 2 Duo ( GH) Display: 12.1 Color TFT display Graphics: Intel Graphic Media accelerator 950 Memory: 512MB-2GB, upgrade max of 4GB Wireless: standard, blue tooth V1.2 Hard Drive: 600-GB-100GB SATA (5400RPM) Ports: external monitor, microphone in, headphone, battery connector, RJ-11 modem, S video, 3)USB 2.0 Price: $1,449-$3,000.00

Product Recommendations What type of user are you ? Home User Business User Video Editing User What type of CPU will you need? Intel vs. AMD Processor AMD is about half the cost. Intel has many die hard fans. Much stronger market share and public image, most likely due to aggressive advertising. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions

The Motherboard Decision depends on price range, size of your computer, USB ports, FireWire, graphics cards, and memory needs. Memory usage. RAM requirements depend on applications you will be using. If you are running Windows XP, Microsoft recommends 128MB as the minimum RAM requirement. At 64MB, you may experience problems. Home Entertainment User:384MB – 512MB Executive/ Management:1GB - 2GB Heavy Graphics Design:2GB and up. EvolutionIntroductionFunction Parameter Brands Central Processing Suggestions