Astronomy 101 Section 020 Lecture 3 A Dynamic Example: Motions of the Earth and Moon John T. McGraw, Professor Laurel Ladwig, Planetarium Manager.

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Presentation transcript:

Astronomy 101 Section 020 Lecture 3 A Dynamic Example: Motions of the Earth and Moon John T. McGraw, Professor Laurel Ladwig, Planetarium Manager

Day, Night and the Motion of the Stars - The Diurnal (Daily) Motion n Half of the Earth (and Moon and every other planetary body) is always illuminated by the sun. n Rotation causes the apparent diurnal changes in the sky.

Why the Constellations Change During the Year n Revolution of the Earth about the sun causes the annual changes in the sky.

The Reasons for Seasons n The Earth’s rotation axis is tilted 23.5° to the ecliptic. n The ecliptic is the plane of the Earth’s orbit about the sun.

Solar Energy: Designing Your House

The Ecliptic, Equinoxes and Solstices n The ecliptic (green) is the plane of the Earth’s orbit around the sun.

That Winter/Summer Thing Again n Some snappy circles!

Time Zones Aid the Human (Rat?) Race! n Time zones are the result of the Earth’s rotation. n When it is noon in Des Moines, what time is it in LA? In Miami?

The Motions of the Moon: Lunar Phases and Synchronous Rotation n The moon’s phases result from its revolution about the Earth. n Synchronous rotation means that one side of the moon always faces the Earth. The moon rotates once per revolution.

Orbit and Phases of the Moon

Phases and Shadows: A Demonstration

The Moon’s Synchronous Rotation: A Demonstration

The “Coming Together” and “Starry” Months: Synodic and Sidereal Periods

The 5° Inclination of the Moon’s Orbit Relative to the Ecliptic

How Eclipses Can Occur

Three Types of Lunar Eclipses

A Total Lunar Eclipse

The Geometry of a Total Solar Eclipse

Solar Eclipses n Total (1991, La Paz) and annular (1973, Costa Rica) solar eclipses.

Eclipse Paths for Total Solar Eclipses: