“Who ordered that?!” An Introduction to Particle Physics Lora K. Hine Educational Outreach Coordinator - I.I. Rabi (1936)

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Presentation transcript:

“Who ordered that?!” An Introduction to Particle Physics Lora K. Hine Educational Outreach Coordinator - I.I. Rabi (1936)

Outcomes Appreciate that particle physics is an amazing branch of study Recognize some of the challenges involved in this field of study Comprehend the size and scale of specific objects Compare elementary particles to composite particles Identify some properties of antimatter Relate particle physics to cosmology

Particle Physics at Wilson Laboratory Cornell University

Let’s review a few (small) things… The nucleus of an atom is made up of the following two main components? A.Neutron and electrons B.Protons and electrons C.Neutrons and protons Atom: the smallest component of an element, w/properties A proton is made up of which of the following elementary particles? A. Quarks B. Leptons C. Mesons The Standard Model is: A. A three-dimensional representation of a quark B. The theoretical framework for particle physics C. A hypothetical description for the behavior of relativistic particles

Powers of Ten – size is difficult to comprehend…. cm.bell-labs.com/.../sphere/earth.fine.jpg Earth = x 10+6 = 12,760,000 meters wide (12.76 million meters) Plant Cell = x 10-6 = meters wide (12.76 millionths of a meter) “Powers of Ten”

Some new terminology.... Electrons – circle around nucleus - called Leptons Neutrons and Protons – make up nucleus - are composed Quarks Proton = three quarks up + up + down Neutron = three quarks down + down + up All of these terms are found in the framework called the Standard Model

Selected Reading The Invisible Soccer Ball The God Particle Dr. Leon Lederman Discussion Questions: What sort of classification techniques were used by the Twiloans? Describe “symmetry” and why was it an important discovery for the Twiloans? What did the young, pipsqueak of a Twiloan postulate? This story is an example of an extended metaphor. What is being compared? Superconducting Super Collider

A set of “rules” for elementary particles and forces that provides the best theoretical framework we have for particle physics today. The Standard Model Periodic Table of Elements

The Basic Ideas of the Standard Model Simplification (particle “zoo”) and Unification of matter and forces Complex systems  few, basic entities Both matter and forces included Matter: Quarks and Leptons Forces: 4 forces Particleadventure.org Antimatter – Every matter particle has a corresponding antimatter particle Same properties (mass, spin and color), opposite charge = “mirror image”

Why study this stuff? Lots and lots of unknowns……. sciencecol/Asymmetry.jpg

1 GeV = K Big Bang The Moment of Creation – the Big Bang Time: 1x seconds Temperature: 1 x GeV What happened before then? The Theory of Everything…..