Figure 42.0 External gills of a salmon

Figure 42.1 Internal transport in the cnidarian Aurelia

Figure 42.1x Aurelia (moon jelly)

Figure 42.2 Open and closed circulatory systems

Figure 42.3 Generalized circulatory schemes of vertebrates

Figure 42.4 The mammalian cardiovascular system: an overview

Figure 42.5 The mammalian heart: a closer look

Figure 42.6 The cardiac cycle

Figure 42.7 The control of heart rhythm

P R Q S T P PR ST TP interval

NORMAL RATE AND RHYTHM ABNORMALITIES IN RATE Tachycardia

ABNORMALITIES IN RHYTHM Extrasystole (premature beat) Ventricular fibrillation Complete heart block

CARDIAC MYOPATHIES Myocardial infarction

Figure 42.8 The structure of blood vessels

Figure 42.9 Blood flow in veins

Figure The interrelationship of blood flow velocity, cross-sectional area of blood vessels, and blood pressure

Figure Measurement of blood pressure (Layer 4)

Figure Blood flow in capillary beds

Figure The movement of fluid between capillaries and the interstitial fluid

Figure 43.4 The human lymphatic system

Figure The composition of mammalian blood

Figure 42.14x Blood smear

Figure Differentiation of blood cells

Figure 42.16a Blood clotting

Figure 42.16x Blood clot

Figure Atherosclerosis: normal artery and artery with plaque

Figure The role of gas exchange in bioenergetics

Figure Diversity in the structure of gills, external body surfaces functioning in gas exchange

Figure The structure and function of fish gills

Figure Countercurrent exchange

Figure Tracheal systems

Figure 42.23ab The mammalian respiratory system

Figure 42.23c Alveoli

Figure 42.23cx1 Alveolar structure of mouse lung

Figure 42.23cx2 Alveolar structure of mouse lung

Figure Negative pressure breathing

Figure The avian respiratory system

Figure Automatic control of breathing

Figure Loading and unloading of respiratory gases

Figure 5.23 The quaternary structure of proteins

Figure Oxygen dissociation curves for hemoglobin

Unnumbered Figure (page 899) Dissociation curves for two hemoglobins

Figure Carbon dioxide transport in the blood

Figure The Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddelli, a deep-diving mammal