THE STALIN REVOLUTION

“Revolution from Above”  Full-scale rapid industrialization  Collectivization of agriculture  Cultural revolution  Political centralization  Terror  Cult of personality

THE STALIN REVOLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION  FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN ( )  centralized planning: GOSPLAN  emphasis on heavy industry  unrealistic quotas

THE STALIN REVOLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION  SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN ( )  more realistic goals  emphasis on productivity  introduced socialist competition STAKHANOVITE movement

THE STALIN REVOLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION  Effects of Five-Year Plans  Growth of proletariat  New working conditions  New elites: NOMENKLATURA  New revolutionary ethos  Growth of cities

THE STALIN REVOLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION  Assessments of Five-Year Plans  POSITIVE successful industrialization modernization & technological advances made USSR great power Dniepr River Hydroelectric Dam

THE STALIN REVOLUTION INDUSTRIALIZATION  Assessments of Five-Year Plans  NEGATIVE unrealistic goals unmet serious imbalances in economy much waste, environmental damage forced labor, high human cost

THE STALIN REVOLUTION COLLECTIVIZATION  Agricultural component of Five-Year Plans  Modernization of agriculture “Off to collective work”  End of private farming, NEP measures

THE STALIN REVOLUTION COLLECTIVIZATION  Imposed from outside & above  Created kolkhozes & sovkhozes "Don't forget about maternity assistance and consultation in kolkhozes and sovkhozes."

THE STALIN REVOLUTION COLLECTIVIZATION  Imposed from outside & above  Created kolkhozes & sovkhozes  Much peasant resistance  De-kulakization campaign "We will liquidate the kulaks as a class" "All to the struggle against the wreckers of agriculture."

THE STALIN REVOLUTION COLLECTIVIZATION  “Dizzy with Success”  government slows process  allows small private plots

THE STALIN REVOLUTION COLLECTIVIZATION  Famine,  Ukrainian “Holodomor”