Systems Theory Donna Simmons, Ph.D..

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Presentation transcript:

Systems Theory Donna Simmons, Ph.D.

Responsive to Environment Definition of a System A set of objects or entities that interrelate with one another to form a whole. Littlejohn, 1996 Systems are: Predictable Consistent Responsive to Environment Bertalanfy Solar System

Characteristics of Systems Systems are open to the environment to varying extents. CSUB Physical Environment: Bakersfield and Kern County Also: region CSUB Cultural Environment: Diverse students, faculty, staff, and community. CSUB Political Environment: Local, county, state elected officials.

Characteristics of Systems Box of stones is not a system. Solar system is a system. What is the difference? Wholeness and Interdependence The whole is more than the sum of its parts. The parts are interdependent.

Wholeness Synergy Mastermind Group – Napoleon Hill, “Think & Grow Rich”. Comedy Writers work in groups to play off each other, produce a better product than if working individually.

Interdependence/Interconnectedness Ripple Effect Frazier Episode: Daphne lied to her ex-boyfriend. Everyone got pulled into the lie. The family and friends are a system. Labor Strike: CSU Faculty go on strike. Everyone connected with CSU is affected – students, staff, administrators, etc. The CSU is a system.

Characteristics of Systems Hierarchy Subsystem Suprasystem Students of CSUB State of CA CSU CSUB Subsystem of CSU Suprasystem of Students of CSUB Subsystem of State of CA Suprasystem of CSUB Suprasystem of CSUB Subsystem of U.S. Subsystem of CSUB And so on….

Galaxy Suprasystem Solar System Subsystem & Suprasystem Earth Subsystem

Characteristics of Systems Self-Regulation & Control Goal-oriented Activities controlled by aims/goals A family’s aim/goal is to function as a family. Members of family take on roles to achieve aim/goal.

Characteristics of Systems Interchange with Environment Input from environment. Output into environment. System and Environment Affect Each Other

Characteristics of Systems Balance (Homeostasis) Systems seek balance. Mothers nag children to behave. Couples with problems try to work them out. Gravity in the solar system.

Characteristics of Systems Change and Adaptability System must adapt to survive in a changing environment. CSUB implements Outreach Programs

Characteristics of Systems Equifinality Achievement of Goal of System Goal may be achieved in various ways and from different starting points. Family structures are different – 2 parents, 1 parent, blended Families interact differently from family to family.

So What? How is systems theory used to understand public relations?

Boundary Spanner Role The PR person is the connection between the organization and its publics. PR dept surveys parts supplier and suggests a letter needs to be sent to suppliers from CEO, produces letter & sends to supplier Muffler Manufacturer PR dept produces employee newsletter, solicits feedback from employees about company, gives feedback to CEO. Employees Parts Supplier

PR Person Helps Organization Communicate With Its Publics. This…. Achieves balance/homeostasis with the environment Maintains interdependence among publics Alerts the organization to need for change Works to achieve the goals of the organization Plays a role in maintaining the organization