Bio 344 Molecular Biology Old web site: www.sbs.utexas.edu/herrin/ bio344/

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Expression of Biological Information
Advertisements

Chapter 10 Table of Contents Section 1 Discovery of DNA
Welcome Each of You to My Molecular Biology Class.
Chapter 10 Table of Contents Section 1 Discovery of DNA
BIOLOGY 12 Genetics: An Introduction. A little motivational video:
Molecular Genetics DNA RNA Protein Phenotype Genome Gene
PLANT MOLECULAR GENETICS
Gene Activity: How Genes Work
CHAPTER 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene
BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 1 History of Genomics.
Bio 178 Lecture 29 DNA and Gene Expression. Reading Chapters 14 & 15 Quiz Material Questions on P 300 & 318 Chapters 14 & 15 Quizzes on Text Website (
--- History of Molecular Biology
MCB 7200: Molecular Biology
Historical perspectives- Early evidence , DNA is the genetic material
Chapter 13.2 (Pgs ): Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
Manifestations of a Code Genes, genomes, bioinformatics and cyberspace – and the promise they hold for biology education.
Biochemistry Lecture 6. Functions of Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids Nucleotide Functions: –Energy for metabolism (ATP) –Enzyme cofactors (NAD + ) –Signal.
Lecture 02: Progress of Modern Molecular Biology.
Molecular Biology Primer. Starting 19 th century… Cellular biology: Cell as a fundamental building block 1850s+: ``DNA’’ was discovered by Friedrich Miescher.
Figure 16.0 Watson and Crick. Figure 16.0x James Watson.
CHAPTER 12: GENETICS.
DNA Structure & Function. Perspective They knew where genes were (Morgan) They knew what chromosomes were made of Proteins & nucleic acids They didn’t.
DNA Structure History of DNA Molecules of replication Transcription Miscellaneous
Molecular Genetics Section 1: DNA: The Genetic Material
11.1 Genes are made of DNA. Griffith Experiment Viral DNA Background Virus – a package of nucleic DNA wrapped in a protein shell that must use a host.
Figure 17.0 Ribosome. Figure 17.1 Beadle and Tatum’s evidence for the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis.
Protein Synthesis Part 1: Transcription. DNA is like a book of instructions written with the alphabet A, T, G, and C. Genes are specific sequences of.
AP Biology DNA Study Guide. Chapter 16 Molecular Basis of Heredity The structure of DNA The major steps to replication The difference between replication,
12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis
A brief history of Molecular biology. Big names Charles Darwin ( ) On the origin of species by means of the natural selection (1859)
Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein.
3.A.1 DNA and RNA Part IV: Translation DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary source of heritable information. DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary.
MCB 720: Molecular Biology Biotechnology terminology Common hosts in biotechnology research Transcription & Translation Prokaryotic gene organization &
Chapter 17 – From Gene to Protein 1909 – Garrod : First to suggest that genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical processes.
INTRODUCTION TO PLANT MOLECULAR GENETICS. Why young breeders must study genetics?
Recombinant DNA What is the basis of recombinant DNA technology? How does one “clone” a gene? How are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) created? Illustration.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS HOW GENES ARE EXPRESSED. BEADLE AND TATUM-1930’S One Gene-One Enzyme Hypothesis.
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis Chapters 12 & 13. The Structure of DNA.
The iPlant Collaborative Vision Enable life science researchers and educators to use and extend cyberinfrastructure.
Introduction -1 1 Lecture no.1 BCH 361/ Section: xxxxx.
Chapter 12 By: Cole, Symone and Mel : DNA Grffith’s Experiment & Transformation Transformation is the process when the heat-killed bacteria had.
The iPlant Collaborative Vision Enable life science researchers and educators to use and extend cyberinfrastructure.
Genetic Information Flow: RNA Structure Dr. Umut Fahrioglu, PhD MSc.
A Molecular Toolkit AP Biology Fall The Scissors: Restriction Enzymes  Bacteria possess restriction enzymes whose usual function is to cut apart.
Frederick Griffith. Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod.
12.3 DNA, RNA, and Protein Molecular Genetics Central Dogma  RNA  Contains the sugar ribose and the base uracil  Usually is single stranded Chapter.
Copyright © 2005 Brooks/Cole — Thomson Learning Biology, Seventh Edition Solomon Berg Martin Chapter 12 Gene Expression.
From Gene to Protein (or what are those sequences of nucleotides trying to say?)
Protein Synthesis Introduction Chapter 17. What you need to know! Key terms: gene expressions, transcription, and translation How eukaryotic cells modify.
12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis Page 300. A. Introduction 1. Chromosomes are a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of.
Chapter  Relate the concept of the gene to the sequence of nucleotides in DNA  Sequence the steps involved in protein synthesis ◦ DNA  mRNA =
Gene expression. Transcription
Section 3: DNA, RNA, and Protein
Genetics and Information
Genes and How they Work Chapter 15.
RNA and Protein Synthesis
DNA Test Review.
Concept 17.3: Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription
What is RNA Hypothesis world?
Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein.
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering PBIO 450/550
Chapter 17 Hon. Adv. Biology Notes 12/01/06
Unit 4: Code of Life Test Review.
RNA and Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis
Plant Molecular Biology
DNA in the Genomic era.
Pre – AP Biology Protein Synthesis.
Presentation transcript:

Bio 344 Molecular Biology Old web site: bio344/

Suggestions for success 1.Read the book as much as you can. 2.Print out the slides (1-2/page) and bring them to lecture. 3.Take additional notes on the slides in lecture (or tape the lecture). 4.Go to Discussion Sections to ask questions, and take quizzes to test your understanding and knowledge. 5.Don’t wait until the day before the exam to cram.

Molecular Biology - what’s in a name? “Molecular Biology” was born in the middle part of the last century as a new discipline focused on understanding the molecular basis of the most fundamental of life processes – those involving the reproduction and expression of genetic information.

Molecular Biology Timeline DNA discovered by F. Meischer Genes on chromosomes; T.H. Morgan 1941One gene-one enzyme, Beadle & Tatum 1944DNA is genetic material; Avery, Mcleod& McCarty 1953 Structure of DNA; Watson, Crick, Franklin, Wilkins 1961Discovery of mRNA; Brenner, Jacob & Meselson 1966Finished unraveling the code; Nirenberg & Khorana 1972 Recombinant DNA made in vitro; P. Berg 1973 DNA cloned on a plasmid; H. Boyer & S. Cohen Discovery of reverse transcriptase; H. Temin Rapid DNA sequencing; F. Sanger & W. Gilbert 1977Discovery of split genes; Sharp, Roberts et al Discovery of ribozymes; T. Cech & S. Altman Creation of PCR; K. Mullis et al. Human Genome Project; Venter, Collins and many others

The modern framework of Molecular Biology DNA pre RNA RNA Protein DNA Replication & Repair Transcription Processing Translation folding assembly processing RNAs and proteins mediate these processes.

Molecular Evolution What was the first informational macromolecule? –Proteins ? –DNA ? –RNA ? –Macromolecule no longer used in modern cells? RNA is the only currently-used macromolecule that is both a carrier of genetic information and an enzyme.

The RNA World The “RNA world” hypothesis posits that there was a stage early in the early evolution of life that was dominated by RNA. Corollary: the functions of RNA in modern cells are only remnants of its previous roles.

Possible remnants of the RNA World 1.Self-splicing introns 2.Rnase P (ribozyme that cleaves tRNA precursors) 3.Self-cleaving viral RNAs 4.Peptidyl transferase in the ribosome 5.Nucleotides (ribo) involved in: –metabolism (e.g., ATP, UTP, NADH, NADPH) –signaling (cAMP, cGMP, GTP, ITP) –assembly of complexes (GTP and ATP) –Energy for motility, ion pumping, etc. (ATP, GTP)

Molecular Biology & the Origin of Life Can we reconstruct a living, reproducing cell from molecules using the tools & concepts of molecular biology?

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.