1 Referencing, avoiding plagiarism and using Turnitin Laura Jeffrey (University Library) Mike Cameron (Learning Technologies Team) 16th July 2009

2 Outline of the session  What is plagiarism?  …and how to avoid it!  referencing  using Turnitin  evaluation and close

3 Today’s learning outcomes By the end of today’s session you should…  understand and be able to avoid plagiarism  know where to access online plagiarism materials  understand why and how to reference other people’s work within your own work  know how to submit and check work through Turnitin

4 You will see a light flash here when you vote. The light will blink GREEN to confirm your response has been received Choose your response from the keypad buttons. (PRESS and then release) NOTE: Please do not press the GO button as this will change the Radio Channel (Your keypad won’t operate & your ‘vote’ won’t count) Using the keypads All responses are anonymous If you want to change your vote, simply key in your new choice. The system will count only the last button you push (whilst the voting is still open)

5 How confident are you about UK citation and referencing conventions? 1. Not at all confident 2. Somewhat confident 3. Very confident

6 Do you deal with student plagiarism professionally? 1. Yes 2. No

7 Is the problem getting worse? 1. Yes 2. No

8 Do you know what we mean by “self- plagiarism”? 1. Yes 2. No

9 Plagiarism in the news

10 Sliding scale? 1. Deliberate copying (cut and paste) or using whole essays you have not written. 2. Copying segments of essays without referencing 3. Paraphrasing without referencing 4. Clumsy referencing Self plagiarism

11 Durham University  Plagiarism: unacknowledged quotation or close paraphrasing of other people's writing, amounting to the presentation of other person's thoughts or writings as one's own.  This includes material which is available on the world-wide web and in any other electronic form;  University Teaching & Learning Handbook, section

12 ‘Plagiarism and How to Avoid it’- Online Student Tutorials

13 In pairs, evaluate an online tutorial  Log in to duo (with your ITS username and password)  Go to POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH TRAINING (NEW) (X_POSTGRAD_TRAINING) > OTHER TRAINING > ED D: CITING REFERENCES, USING ENDNOTE AND AVOIDING PLAGIARISM POSTGRADUATE RESEARCH TRAINING (NEW) (X_POSTGRAD_TRAINING)OTHER TRAINING Work through in pairs and evaluate. o Does this work for you? o Would similar materials help your students?

Why cite?  Acknowledge ideas, images and phrasing  Contextualise your work  Add weigh to your argument  Indicate sources  Enable others to trace your resources  Reveals what is your original contribution  Avoid plagiarism 14

Avoiding plagiarism - citations  Quoting – inserting the exact words of another author into your text  Paraphrasing – summarising an author’s views  Both are cited in text 15

How to cite using the Harvard style  Quotation Smith (2009) states in her recent article that “some universities favour state school students” (p. 64). A recent article claims that “some universities favour state school students” (Smith, 2009 p.64)  Paraphrasing Smith’s recent article (2009) suggests that universities are giving preferential treatment to some of their intake. In a recent article (Smith, 2009) it was asserted that universities are giving preferential treatment to some of their intake. 16

References and bibliographies  Full details of your information sources Author Date Title Publisher Place of publication Page numbers  Listed in bibliography 17

Examples of the Harvard style of referencing  Book Neville, C. (2007) The complete guide to referencing. Maidenhead: Open University.  Journal article Peter, M. (2009) ‘Drama: narrative, pedagogy and socially challenged children’, British Journal of Special Education, 36(1), pp  Website National Literacy Trust (2009) Why fathers matter to their children’s literacy. Available at: matter_2009.html. (Accessed: 13 July 2009). 18

Tips  Records management Keep full records of everything your consult  Time management Do this as you go along  Utilise technology functions from catalogues Endnote  Be consistent 19

Further information  Durham University Library (2008) Writing your bibliography. Available at : ingyourbibliography.pdf (Accessed: 10 July 2009). ingyourbibliography.pdf  Learn Higher(2007) Referencing. Available at: (Accessed: 13 July 2009).  Pears, R. & Shields, G. (2008) Cite them right: the essential referencing guide. Newcastle: Pear Tree Books. 20

21 What is Turnitin?  Plagiarism detection software  Used by many UK and US universities

22 Have a go…. 1. Log into duo 2. Go to the Post Graduate Research Training coursePost Graduate Research Training course 3. Go to Other training, Ed D. 4. Click ‘View/complete assignments’ 5. Upload your document 6. We will come back later and see the results…

23 What does it check?  Compares essays against:  A database of previously submitted assignments  Over 4.5 billion Web pages  Essays from cheat sites  Selected subscription services (Proquest Database)  Copyright free material, such as the Gutenberg Project  Shows you the results so you can check your references

24 Other Essays Turnitin in action Duo The internet

25 What can Turnitin do?  Detect plagiarism  Deter plagiarism  Educate students Being made available to you to check your work

26 Interpreting TurnitinUK Report

27 How confident are you about UK citation and referencing conventions now? 1. Not at all confident 2. Somewhat confident 3. Very confident

28 More information and advice  University Library DUO  Training Programme  Courses  Communication Skills  Plagiarism and How to Avoid it online course

29 Any questions?

30 Contact details  Durham University Library please complete the online enquiry form at Telephone numbers: Main Library: +44 (0) Education Library:  IT Service Desk Telephone number: +44 (0)

31 Thank you!  Evaluation: