1-1 David M. Kroenke’s Chapter One: Introduction Database Processing: Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation

1-2 Today’s Objectives To compare & contrast information with data Explain the characteristics that distinguish the database approach from the traditional approach of programming with data files. Identify major DBMS functions and describe their role in a database system.

1-3 Data vs. Information What is data? What is information? Course NumberName CSCI220Java CSCI221Java 2 CSCI230Data Structures CSCI332Database CSCI362Software Engineering SIDName 175Robert 102Brian 104Jeff 109Michael 240Peter SIDCourseIDGradeSemester 102CSCI CSCI CSCI CSCI

1-4 Information Systems A system, whether automated or manual, that comprises people, machines, and/or methods organized to collect, process, transmit, and disseminate data that represent user information. ~Wikipediasystemprocessdatauser information Examples: supermarket, credit card purchases, CougarTrail

1-5 Traditional File Based Systems A collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users such as the production of reports. Each program defines and manages its own data. ~Connolly & Begg E.g. The department’s student file cabinet. Effective: small files or 1 large files Ineffective: cross-references Limitations: Data duplication, data dependence (data stored with its physical structure), incompatible file formats

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-6 The Database A database is a self-describing collection of integrated tables The tables are called integrated because they store data about the relationships between the rows of data A database is called self-describing because it stores a description of itself The self-describing data are called metadata, which is data about data

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-7 The Characteristics of Databases The purpose of a database is to help people track things of interest to them Data is stored in tables, which have rows and columns like a spreadsheet. A database may have multiple tables, where each table stores data about a different thing Each row in a table stores data about an occurrence or instance of the thing of interest A database stores data and relationships

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-8 Enterprise-Class Database Systems

DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-9 Applications, the DBMS and SQL Applications are the computer programs that users work with The Database Management System (DBMS) creates, processes and administers databases Structured Query Language (SQL) is an internationally recognized standard database language that is used by all commercial DBMSs

1-10 DBMS Functions 1.Set up storage 2.Load data 3.Accept requests from users 4.Format retrieved data 5.Deny data to unauthorized users 6.Accept / perform updates 7.Allow concurrent use of data without interferences 8.Perform backup & recovery

1-11 Advantages of DBMS Control of data redundancy Data consistency Data integrity Security Improved accessibility to information Data independence Increased concurrency

1-12 Information Systems DBMS is at the heart of all modern information systems

1-13 David M. Kroenke’s Database Processing Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation (10 th Edition) End of Presentation