Before Next Meeting (Monday) Analysis Paper #2 (on weeks 6, 7, & 8) Read: –Henretta, pp –Voices

Outline for Wednesday 14 November 2007 (week 8) Property Rules: Governing a Rebellious Populace 1. Focus Question for Analysis Paper #2 2. Primary Source analysis: a. Dunmore’s Proclamation (Broadside collection) b. Continental Congress on Loyalists (Broadside collection) c. Other broadside documents? 2. Governing the new nation during and after war, 1775— Triumphs and tragedies under the Articles of Confederation

Analysis Paper #2 Focus Question : In response to British efforts to reform the imperial system after 1763, American colonists protested that the proposed reforms violated their rights as defined under British common law. With this in mind, discuss how and why the American concept of rights changed during and after the revolutionary war (between 1775 and 1791). Consider in your answer, how American ideas about rights were affected by American experiences with violence (or the fear of violence) as it relates to race, class, and ethnicity in the years Who was included and who was excluded in the “rights talk” of this period? Be sure to provide ample evidence and examples from the Henretta and Rakove texts, following the citation guidelines explained in the Rampolla Guide to Writing in History. Note, especially, the sample paper on pp in Rampolla.

The Century of Imperial Wars King William’s War ( ; War of the League of Augsburg—Britain vs France, Spain, Austria) Queen Anne’s War ( ; War of the Spanish Succession—Britain vs France and Spain) War of Jenkins’s Ear ( ; English seek markets in Spanish America—Walpole’s policy of trade expansion) King George’s War ( ; Capture & return of Louisbourg) French and Indian War (Seven Years War, ) American Revolution ( )

British Imperial Concerns after Treaty of Paris, 1763

What are Indian interests during the American Revolution? How do the goals and concerns of the colonists affect Native peoples? What are the implications for a British victory? How does the American alliance with Spanish and French affect Indian concerns?

Western Confederacy: Organized in response to Treaty of Paris, Included Shawnee, Chipewayan,Ottawa, Miami, and various smaller groups 3.Issued the Detroit Resolutions in 1784 as a Declaration of Independence and Statement of Principles: a.Organized all Indian people in the Ohio Country as a European-style nation b.Declared the Ohio River as the boundary of the Western Confederacy c.Demanded U.S. recognize the existence of the Western Confederacy as a nation d.Required U.S. Congress deal with the Western Confederacy, not individual tribes e.Rejected the “conquest theory” of negotiations (Indians not party to the Treaty of Paris in 1783) f.Declared new treaty necessary to govern relations between the two new nations (British having abdicated their responsibilities) 4.Ended with Treaty of Greenville, 1795 (after battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794)

Governing the New Republic: The Articles of Confederation, Congressional Accomplishments under the Articles: Won the nation’s most difficult and longest domestic war ( ) Tripled the size of the country with the peace settlement of 1783 Solved the most serious and disabling debt in the nation’s history (Federal Revenue Plan, 1783) Established the framework for Imperial expansion of the New Nation (NW Ordinances of ) Resolved conflicting land claims in the West Resolved conflicting tariff schedules among the states 2.Presidents under the Articles:

Prominent Presidents of the United States, Peyton Randolph, 1774 (First Continental Congress) 2.Richard Henry Lee, 1775 (First year of Revolutionary War, organizing & arming Continental Army, establishing a treasury, gaining international recognition, establishing a union of states) 3.John Hancock, 1776 (First signature on Declaration of Independence) 4.Richard Henry Lee, 1777 (First President under Articles of Confederation: “President of These United States Assembled”) 5.Richard Henry Lee, 1784 (First president after Paris Peace of 1783 formally certifies British acceptance of US independence) 6.George Washington, 1789 (6th president after Paris Peace settlement, 16 th president of the United States, 1 st president under the Constitution of 1789)

Congressional Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, : 1.Annual meetings of the Congress, Charles Thompson and History of the Congress, George Washington and Thompson’s History, ?

NW Ordinances of (accomplished under the Articles of Confederation): 1.Resolved conflicting land claims 2. Secured primary source of revenue for federal government, Prohibited the expansion of slavery

Spanish North America after Treaty of Paris, 1783

British emancipation of American Slaves: The Black Loyalists: 1. Military Service, Emigration,

Slavery Policy under the “new” United States,

First Census of the United States, 1790

Expansion of Slavery under the Constitution of 1789: Fugitive Slave Laws of United States,

Agrarian concerns during Era of Constitutional “Reform”: 1.rural/urban differences and the problem of debt (who pays for centralized government?) 2.Shay’s Rebellion (1786/7) and the Whiskey Rebellion (1793-4) as evidence of cultural transformation: a.urban seaports and commercial economy b.rural countryside and priorities of a barter economy c.problems of transport, commerce, and wealth consolidation 3.The transition from agrarian to agricultural economy: a quiet revolution in post-war America a.people on the land (community) or value from the land (industry)? b.Emergence of the Washington-Hamilton coalition and the era of Federalist power c.Constitution as a triumph of the Hamiltonian model (value from the land/industry) 4.Shay’s Rebellion and the assertion of military power by the Hamiltonian faction

Primary Source analysis: 1.Samuel Adams on the Stamp Act, 1765 (p. 144) 2.Francis Smith on Lexington and Concord, 1775 (p. 159) 3.“To Form a More Perfect Union” Broadside collection,

Before Next Meeting (Wednesday) Analysis Paper #2 (on weeks 6, 7, & 8) Read: –Henretta, pp –Voices

Landscapes of the Great Awakening