Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Welcome to the Principles of Electric Circuits. You will study important ideas that are used in electronics. You may already be familiar with a few of the important parts used in electronic circuits. Resistors are introduced in Chapter 2. Resistors Passive Components Summary

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Passive Components Summary Capacitors Capacitors will be introduced in Chapter 12.

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Inductors Passive Components Summary Inductors will be introduced in Chapter 13.

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Transformers Transformers will be introduced in Chapter 14. Passive Components

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Transistors Active Components Integrated Circuits Summary Passive components are used in conjunction with active components to form an electronic system. Active components will be the subject of future courses.

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary SI Fundamental Units Length Mass Time Electric current Temperature Luminous intensity Amount of substance Quantity Unit Symbol Meterm Kilogram kg Seconds AmpereA KelvinK Candelacd Molemol

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Some Important Electrical Units Current Charge Voltage Resistance Power AmpereA CoulombC VoltV Ohm  WattW Except for current, all electrical and magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. Current is a fundamental unit. Quantity Unit Symbol

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Some Important Magnetic Units All magnetic units are derived from the fundamental units. These units are discussed in Chapter 10. Magnetic field intensity H Magnetic flux  Magnetic flux density B Magnetomotive force F m Permeability  Ampere-turns/meter At/m Weber Wb Tesla T Ampere-turn At Webers/ampere-turns-meter Wb/At. m Ampere-turns/weber At/Wb Reluctance R Quantity SymbolUnit Symbol

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Very large and very small numbers are represented with scientific and engineering notation. Scientific and Engineering Notation 47,000,000 = 4.7 x 10 7 (Scientific Notation) = 47. x 10 6 (Engineering Notation)

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary = 2.7 x (Scientific Notation) = 27 x (Engineering Notation) = 6.05 x (Scientific Notation) = 605 x (Engineering Notation) Scientific and Engineering Notation

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Engineering Metric Prefixes peta tera giga mega kilo P T G M k Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Engineering Metric Prefixes milli micro nano pico femto m  n p f Can you name the prefixes and their meaning?

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary When converting from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point to the right. Remember, a smaller unit means the number must be larger. Metric Conversions 0.47 M  = 470 k  Larger number Smaller unit

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary When converting from a smaller unit to a larger unit, move the decimal point to the left. Remember, a larger unit means the number must be smaller. Metric Conversions 10,000 pF = 0.01  F Smaller number Larger unit

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first. Metric Arithmetic 10,000  + 22 k  = 10,000  + 22,000  = 32,000  Alternatively, 10 k  + 22 k  = 32 k 

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary When adding or subtracting numbers with a metric prefix, convert them to the same prefix first. Metric Arithmetic 200  mA = 200  A + 1,000  A = 12,000  A Alternatively, m  mA = 1.2 mA

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Most work in electronics involves measurements, which always have error. You should report only digits that are reasonably assumed to be accurate. Significant Figures The rules for determining if a reported digit is significant are 1.Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant. 2.Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant. 3.Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant. 4.Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are significant. 5.Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement.

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Summary Significant Figures 1.Nonzero digits are always considered to be significant. 2. Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are never significant. 3. Zeros between nonzero digits are always significant. 4. Zeros to the right of the decimal point for a decimal number are significant. 5. Zeros to the left of the decimal point with a whole number may or may not be significant depending on the measurement Looking at the rule, decide how many significant figures in each of the examples, which are given with a rule: As shown there are at least 2, but uncertain.

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Engineering notation Exponent Metric prefix Scientific notation A system for representing any number as a one-, two-, or three-digit number times a power of ten with an exponent that is a multiple of three. The number to which a base is raised. A symbol that is used to replace the power of ten in numbers expressed in scientific or engineering notation. A system for representing any number as a number between 1 and 10 times a power of ten. Selected Key Terms

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 1. A resistor is an example of a. a passive component b. an active component c. an electrical circuit d. all of the above

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 2. The electrical unit that is fundamental is the a. volt b. ohm c. coulomb d. ampere

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 3. In scientific notation, the number is written a. 5.6 x 10 4 b. 5.6 x c. 56 x d. 560 x 10 -6

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 4. In engineering notation, the number is written a. 5.6 x 10 4 b. 5.6 x c. 56 x d. 560 x 10 -6

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 5. The metric prefix nano means a b c d

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 6. The metric prefix pico means a b c d

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 7. The number 2700 MW can be written a. 2.7 TW b. 2.7 GW c. 2.7 kW d. 2.7 mW

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 8. The value 68 k  is equal to a. 6.8 x 10 4  b. 68, 000  c M  d. All of the above

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 9. The sum of 330 mW W is a mW b W c W d W

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Quiz 10. The quantity 200  V is the same as a V b. 20 mV c. 0.2 V d. all of the above

Chapter 1 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights Reserved Answers: 1. a 2. d 3. b 4. d 5. c 6. d 7. b 8. d 9. d 10. a Quiz