Soil Physical Properties

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Soil Physical Properties – Colour, Texture, Structure

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Presentation transcript:

Soil Physical Properties

Soil Physical Properties Color Texture Density (particle density vs. bulk density) Pore space (porosity) Structure Aggregate stability

Physical properties are important 1) Control plant growth through influence on: Soil temperature (darker = warmer) Soil aeration (sandy soils well aerated) Soil moisture content (clayey soils stay wet) 2) Indicate important characteristics of a soil e.g., lots vs. little organic matter

Objectives Know what color tells you about a soil Describe the concept of soil texture and its importance Use the textural triangle to determine a soil’s textural class based on its sand, silt and clay content

Physical properties – Color covaries with O.M. Fe and Al oxides moisture saturation mineralogy (e.g., calcite, hematite=Fe2O3)

Color “quantified” using the Munsell system Hue (e.g., 10YR) tells you general shade (red, yellow); DOES NOT tell you how dark the soil is Value (e.g., 10YR 5/6) tells you how dark the soil is: 0 is darkest Chroma (e.g., 10YR 5/6) tells you brightness (0 = gray). Indicates moisture conditions (bright = dry)

Go clockwise to numerically Soil Color: Hue 10R 10Y 10YR 2.5 YR 5YR 7.5 YR 10R 10Y 10G 10B 10P 2.5 Y 5 Y http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munsell_color_system 7.5 Y Go clockwise to numerically add next color!

Color Chroma is used in defining wetlands.

10YR page of Munsell color book (also see Fig 4.1 of your text)

Example Question Which soil horizon likely has more organic matter, one that is classified as 5R 5/6, or one that you decide is 10YR 1/7?