Do Now 5.25: Survivorship Curves Find this graph at the very end of the exam review packet. Attempt to answer the questions that follow it.

Vascular Plants: Gymnosperms, Angiosperms, and Ferns Most of the plant species you are familiar with are vascular, meaning they have vascular tissue to transport nutrients

Non-Vascular (Nontracheophyte) Mosses (etc.) do not have vascular tissue. That’s why they’re short!

The Fern Identity: First Vascular Plants Generally, vascular plants are seed plants – they use seeds to reproduce. Nonvascular plants use spores to reproduce… Ferns are weird: the only major group of spore- forming vascular plants!

Xylem & Phloem Xylem carries water & nutrients from roots to stems and leaves. Phloem carries sugars from leaves to stems and roots

3 Types of Tracheophytes Ferns (makes haploid spores) Gymnosperms (conifers. Some cones are female and others are male and produce pollen. Make seeds) Angiosperms (flowers are usually hermaphroditic. Make seeds.)

2 types of Angiosperms: Monocots & Dicots

Leaves for Photosynthesis

Roots for Water and Nutrient Uptake Root hairs are like the villi of the plant world…

Plant Growth: Meristems Apical meristems, or apical “buds” grow up and down. Aka primary growth. Lateral meristems increase girth. Aka secondary growth.

Plant Behaviors Gravitropism: shoots up, roots down. Phototropism: go towards the light!!! Thigmotropism: wrap-around move

Photoperiodism: When to Bloom? The length of night determines when many plants bloom. – Day neutral plants are unaffected. – Short day plants bloom as nights become longer in the fall. – Long day plants bloom as nights become shorter in the spring. Chrysanthemums are a popular short-day perennial plant.

Asexual Reproduction Via Vegetative propagation Also grafting…

Alternation of Generations

Flower Anatomy

Angiosperm Fertilization

Sweet, Juicy Ovaries… that’s fruit!