Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 So what were the effects from wind?  Some structural damage, mostly to overhangs and roofs  Not much evidence of wind borne debris penetrating the building envelope  Lots of damage to building envelopes – roof, siding, soffits particularly

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 South LA…success Wind damage: primarily building envelope

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Pass Christian, MS (new home)…survivor

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 New Orleans – light damage to glazing, but to many buildings

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Ocean Springs, MS…light damage

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Gulfport bank building…moderate damage

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Gulfport, MS…moderate damage

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Long Beach, MS…severe damage

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Gulfport (PEMB)…severe damage

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 LA (support column failed…partial destruction)

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Slidell, LA…total destruction

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 ASCE Levee Study Map Overtopping occurred first

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Water overtopping levee

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Levee Flooding – London Ave Canal

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Levee design issues – breached or overtopped?

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Floodwall failure

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Damage behind the levees

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 “Post-Flood Actions Affect Mold Growth” New Orleans House opened and aired out quickly with low mold growth House closed and not aired out quickly with extensive mold growth

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 What can we do?  Build higher, stronger, safer  Adopt strong building codes  Provide sound recovery information like new flood maps and reconstruction guidance  Critical facilities must be better built  Educate – citizens must accept some level of risk if they want to live in a hazardous area (which a hurricane region is)

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 We’ve got to build them better ….

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 D’Iberville, MS

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Biloxi, MS

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Long Beach, MS

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Performance Standards for Wind  No structural failure  Load paths remain connected through to the foundation  Minor building envelope covering loss  Building access is easily repaired  Able to re-occupy the building immediately after utilities are restored  Critical facilities can be occupied safely during event

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Performance Standards for Flood  Flood damage can be cleaned up  After drying out, building can be re-occupied  Repairs might consist of drywall, insulation and wood trim replacement  Structure is still standing on it’s own foundation

Structural Engineers Association of Illinois – April 4, 2006 Post-Katrina  LA adopted state-wide building code (IBC)  Several MS communities previously without codes have adopted IBC/IRC  Several communities have either adopted flood recovery maps or added freeboard (additional height) so rebuilding can begin  Lots of confusion about how to regulate all the changes in building standards (use of IBC/ASCE 7)  Land values escalating rapidly