Nominal Level Measurement n numbers used as ways to identify or name categories n numbers do not indicate degrees of a variable but simple groupings of variables n equivalent to qualitative data Slide 8.1

Ordinal Level Measurement n uses rank order to determine differences n measures whether items are “greater than” or “less than” other items n identifies relations of measured items to each other Slide 8.2

Interval Level Measurement n distances between measured items are identified by a matter of degree n allows meaningful arithmetic to be applied n measures whether items are “greater than” or “less than” other items n permits identifying the ratio of intervals to each other Slide 8.3

Ratio Level Measurement n distances between measured items are identified by a matter of degree a true quantitative scale and includes an “absolute zero” n allows meaningful arithmetic to be applied n measures whether items are “greater than” or “less than” other items n permits identifying the ratio of intervals to each other Slide8.4

Slide 8.5A Coefficient Alpha

Slide 8.5B Coefficient Alpha

Slide 8.5C Coefficient Alpha

Slide 8.5D Coefficient Alpha

Slide 8.5 Coefficient Alpha