Oligocene Anthropoids

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Presentation transcript:

Oligocene Anthropoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 103

= all living and extinct monkeys, apes and humans “Anthropoids” = all living and extinct monkeys, apes and humans

Anthropoids

Anthropoids

Oligocene Anthropoids

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans 2. “Dental apes” prospered during the Oligocene

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Dental apes are “apes” with monkey-like bodies who did not hang or swing

“Times to Remember” WebPage

Oligocene Anthropoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 195 Major site Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 195

Oligocene El Fayum: Parapithecus squirrel monkeys with teeth that associate them more with Old World monkeys

Parapithecus

Oligocene El Fayum: Parapithecus Propliopithecus a small gibbon-like ape

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 179 Propliopithecus Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 179

Oligocene El Fayum: Parapithecus Propliopithecus Aegyptopithecus

Oligocene Anthropoids Aegyptopithecus zeuxis Oligocene “dental ape” largest of the Fayum anthropoids ca. the size of a howler monkey 13 – 20 pounds

Oligocene Anthropoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 188

Aegyptopithecus zeuxis

Aegyptopithecus zeuxis

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 180 Aegyptopithecus Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 180

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 180 Aegyptopithecus Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 180

Aegyptopithecus zeuxis

Aegyptopithecus

Oligocene Anthropoids Aegyptopithecus is important because it bridges the gap between the Eocene fossils and the Miocene hominoids

Oligocene Anthropoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans 3. True apes that brachiated probably originated in the Early Miocene ca. 20 – 17 mya

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans “Only after the evolution of arboreal suspension . . . would the modern meaning of the term ape have been applicable.” Campbell-Loy, p. 195

General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans All living apes show forelimb-dominated locomotion (They climb, swing, or hang about by their arms -- “brachiation”)

Next: Miocene Hominoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196