1 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 5: Introduction to e-Business Systems E-Business: “…the use of Internet technologies to inter-network and empower business processes, electronic commerce, and enterprise communication and collaboration within a company and with its customers, suppliers, and other business stakeholders.”

2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. e-Business Systems Internet and other IT support business processes in business functions …  Accounting,  Finance,  HR management,  Marketing, and  Production (Manufacturing) and operations management

3 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Group Discussion … Break into teams (of 4 or 5). Each team will look into one of the following functional areas (departments) : 1. Accounting 2. Finance 3. HR management 4. Marketing 5. Production (Manufacturing) and operations management You will have 20 minutes for your group discussions.

4 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Group Discussion … Discuss and address the following, and report back to class: 1. What are the department’s responsibilities? 2. What applications, or systems, or technologies are applicable or applied here? 3. What are the benefits/values of IS/IT to this business function (department)? (e.g. cost reduction? new revenue/product/service? improved customer relationship? etc.) 4. Are there any concerns with using IS/IT in this business function? Cite examples from text, personal knowledge and experience to support your points.

5 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Accounting Systems Online Accounting Systems:  Order Processing  Inventory Control  Accounts Receivable (AR)  Accounts Payable (AP)  Payroll  General Ledger

6 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Financial Management Systems Financial Management Systems:  Cash Management  Investment Management  Capital Budgeting  Financial Forecasting and Planning

7 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Human Resource Management (HRM) Systems HR Information Systems are used in  Planning to meet personnel needs  Employee training and development  Staffing  Job placement  Performance appraisals  Employee benefits analysis  Health, safety, & security

8 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. HRM and the Internet...  run most common HRM applications over intranets  around-the-clock services to employees  disseminate valuable information faster  self-service; HRM tasks online Human Resource Management (HRM) Systems (cont.)

9 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Marketing Systems Marketing IS:  Interactive Marketing  Targeted Marketing  Sales Force Automation

10 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Production/Manufacturing Systems  Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)  Other manufacturing systems:  Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)  Computer-Aided Design (CAD)  Material Requirements Planning (MRP)  Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)  Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES)  Process Control  Machine Control

11 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Cross-Functional Enterprise Systems  …Information Systems that share information resources and support business processes across the functional units  … improve efficiency & effectiveness

12 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) Transactions = { Sales, Purchases, Deposits, Withdrawals, Refunds, Payments} Online Transaction Processing Systems (OLTP)  Real-time; immediate transaction processing Transaction Processing Cycle

13 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)  Software that models interactions between business applications within business processes  Provides middleware (e.g. WebMethods)  Business values:  Timely, effective response to business events and customer demands  Responsiveness -> improves customer and supplier experience with the business

14 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Enterprise Collaboration Systems Enterprise Collaboration Systems …  Communicate  Coordinate  Collaborate  Use tools in …  Electronic communication  Electronic conferencing  Collaborative work management

15 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. MS Access: Report Types Columnar report Columnar report  Simplest type  Lists every field for every record in a single column Tabular report Tabular report  Displays selected fields in a row  One record per row

16 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A Report Has … Report header & footer Report header & footer Page header & footer Page header & footer Group header & footer (optional) Group header & footer (optional) Detail section Detail section Graphics (Insert -> Picture; optional) Graphics (Insert -> Picture; optional)

17 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Grouping Records within Report … allows calculations like:  Count  Sum  Min  Max  Avg

18 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Queries Dynaset: Records that satisfy query criteria  Looks & acts like a table, but is not a (permanent) object  a dynamic subset of a table  Allows for entry, updating and deletion of records  Changes update the underlying table

19 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Query Selection Criteria Expressions may use: AND, OR, NOT, BETWEEN AND, OR, NOT, BETWEEN Mathematical operators (e.g. -, ^, *, /, +, -, etc.) Mathematical operators (e.g. -, ^, *, /, +, -, etc.) Logical operators (e.g., etc.) Logical operators (e.g., etc.) Aggregate functions: SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, etc. Aggregate functions: SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, etc. Wild card characters ?, * (e.g. H?ll, S*nd) Wild card characters ?, * (e.g. H?ll, S*nd) Use BUILD button for more complex expressions Use BUILD button for more complex expressions

20 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Action Queries … enables table updates. 4 types of Action Queries: Update: Changes multiple records Update: Changes multiple records Append: Adds records from one table to another Append: Adds records from one table to another Delete: deletes records that meet criteria Delete: deletes records that meet criteria Make-table: Creates a new table from existing records Make-table: Creates a new table from existing records

21 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Crosstab Queries Listing of all Majors Average GPA/Major by Gender … display aggregated rather than individual records … allow for 2-dimensional analysis

22 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2004, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Some Utilities  (Outside of Access) Windows Start -> Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Backup  Compact Database command Tools -> Options -> General; √Compact on Close  Compact Database command Tools -> Options -> General; √Compact on Close (for specified database)  Repair Database command (automatic when open)  Convert Database command Note: format not forward compatible (e.g. Access 2000 cannot work with database in Access 2002 format)