ENGINEERING AS A SECOND PROFESSION Texas A&M University Civil Engineering Department By Kerry C. Williams ©2004

"Practice of Engineering" means the performance of or an offer or attempt to perform any public or private service or creative work, the adequate performance of which requires engineering education, training, and experience in applying special knowledge or judgment of the mathematical, physical, or engineering sciences to that service or creative work. Tex. Occupations Code § "Practice of Engineering" means the performance of or an offer or attempt to perform any public or private service or creative work, the adequate performance of which requires engineering education, training, and experience in applying special knowledge or judgment of the mathematical, physical, or engineering sciences to that service or creative work. Tex. Occupations Code § WHAT IS ENGINEERING?

1. Consulting services 2. Design of drawings and specifications 3. Alteration of real property or water 4. Teaching of engineering 5. Monitoring compliance with engineering dwgs Tex. Occupations Code § WHAT DO ENGINEERS DO?

1. Graduate of Engineering School 2. Passed Engineer-in-training test 3. Practiced in engineering for 4/8 years 4. Passed P.E. exam 5. 3 references 6. No criminal record Tex. Occupations Code § WHAT IT TAKES TO BE AN ENGINEER

TIME LINE Take and Pass E.I.T. 4 years experience Take and Pass P.E. exam 13 years

The legislature recognizes the vital impact that the rapid advance of knowledge of the mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences as applied in the practice of engineering has on the lives, property, economy, and security of state residents and the national defense; The legislature recognizes the vital impact that the rapid advance of knowledge of the mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences as applied in the practice of engineering has on the lives, property, economy, and security of state residents and the national defense; protect the public health, safety, and welfare; protect the public health, safety, and welfare; enable the state and the public to identify persons authorized to practice engineering in this state enable the state and the public to identify persons authorized to practice engineering in this state fix responsibility for work done or services or acts performed in the practice of engineering. fix responsibility for work done or services or acts performed in the practice of engineering. $$$$$ $$$$$ Tex. Occupations Code § The legislature recognizes the vital impact that the rapid advance of knowledge of the mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences as applied in the practice of engineering has on the lives, property, economy, and security of state residents and the national defense; The legislature recognizes the vital impact that the rapid advance of knowledge of the mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences as applied in the practice of engineering has on the lives, property, economy, and security of state residents and the national defense; protect the public health, safety, and welfare; protect the public health, safety, and welfare; enable the state and the public to identify persons authorized to practice engineering in this state enable the state and the public to identify persons authorized to practice engineering in this state fix responsibility for work done or services or acts performed in the practice of engineering. fix responsibility for work done or services or acts performed in the practice of engineering. $$$$$ $$$$$ Tex. Occupations Code § WHY LICENSE ENGINEERS?

1. Management 2. Business Development 3. Government 4. Military 5. Law NON-ENGINEERING CAREERS

Juris Doctorate (JD) Juris Doctorate (JD) LSAT test for entrance 3 years study (full time) 4 years study (night) 500+ Law Schools in US Bar Exam (3 days) Masters of Law (LLM) 1 year study Major required Already Lawyer Doctorate of Laws (LLD) LAW DEGREES

1. Patent Law 2. Construction Law 3. Admiralty/Maritime Law 4. International Law LEGAL CAREERS FOR ENGINEERS

1. Must be an engineer to take Patent Bar 2. Patent Bar in 2 parts 3. Very hard bar exam 4. Practice involves: 1.Patent Applications 2.Patent Infringement Litigation 5.Very boring area of law PATENT LAW

OWNER CONTRACTOR SUBCONTRACTORS VENDORS SUPPLIERS SUBCONTRACTORS VENDORS SUPPLIERS LENDER CONSTRUCTION MANAGER CONSTRUCTION MANAGER SURETY UNDERWRITER CONSTRUCTION LAW CONSTRUCTION LAW Public Employees Government Future owners TenantsARCHITECTENGINEERARCHITECTENGINEERENGINEERARCHITECTENGINEERARCHITECT

1. Types of Practices: 1.Transactional Practice 2.Litigation 3.International 2.Types of Firms: 1.Boutiques 2.Large/small firms 3. Lotsa lawyers - not many construction lawyers 1. Types of Practices: 1.Transactional Practice 2.Litigation 3.International 2.Types of Firms: 1.Boutiques 2.Large/small firms 3. Lotsa lawyers - not many construction lawyers CONSTRUCTION LAW

1.Contract preparation 2.Contract negotiation 3.Arranging insurances/bonds 4.Corporate structure to limit liability 5.Joint Ventures/consortia 6.Requires broad understanding of law 7.Best if combined with litigation expertise 1.Contract preparation 2.Contract negotiation 3.Arranging insurances/bonds 4.Corporate structure to limit liability 5.Joint Ventures/consortia 6.Requires broad understanding of law 7.Best if combined with litigation expertise TRANSACTIONAL PRACTICE

1. Attributes of construction cases: 1.Complex; 2.Many parties; 3.Long periods of time 4.Document intensive 5.Personalities involved 2. Advantages of being an engineer: 1.Understand jargon 2.Understand issues 3.Have had practical experience 3. Small Bar 4. Congeniality of Bar 5. Judges hate construction cases 6. Arbitration LITIGATION PRACTICE

Contact language Insurance Coverage Corporate Structure Work Performance LIABILITY PROTECTION

RECOMMENDED CAREER TIME LINE Texas A&M BSCE Work as EIT PE Exam PE Exam Work as PE LawApps Law School Bar Exam Bar Exam Work as PE Law School Bar Exam Bar Exam

MY CAREER TIME LINE BSCE Texas A&M U.S. Navy Pilot PE Exam PE Exam Work as EIT LawApps Law School Bar Exam Bar ExamUCB Work as PE

QUESTIONS QUESTIONS

ENGINEERING AS A SECOND PROFESSION Texas A&M University Civil Engineering Department By Kerry C. Williams ©2004